外研版高中英语必修一U5讲义

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2024年7月29日发(作者：)

Unit5

Section I

重点词汇

Point 1，2 measure;position

教材P50》It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.它用眼睛来测量太阳的方位。

e

用法详解

(1)(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为。此时不用于进行时和被动语态，表示此意义的短语做后

置定语和状语时，要用现在分词形式。

Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 metres?

(2)vt.量，测量

Please stand still. I will measure your height.

(3)n.措施，方法；计量标准。

常见搭配：

take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事

to one's own measure按照某人自己的尺寸

The tailor made a suit to his own measure.裁缝按照他自己的尺寸做了一套西服。

语法填空

(1)(2020·福建南平期末）Sandstorms are another __________(punish) nature gives to mankind.

We should not only take effective measures __________ (stop) them, but also draw some lessons

from them.

(2)The tree over there is so tall that I suppose it __________nearly twenty meters.

(3)I can make an evening dress __________my own measure.

(4)Mark lives in a big pleasant room ___________approximately 5 meters wide by 6 meters long.

on

用法详解

(1)n.位置

I can tell the time from the position of the sun.我可以从太阳的位置知道时刻。

position做先行词表示“状态，位置”时，若定语从句缺状语，应用where引导定语从句。

We have reached a position where a change is needed.我们到了必须做出改变的地步。

(2)vt.安置；定位

They position the task by means of radar.他们用雷达定位任务。

归纳拓展

当先行词为system,case,point,position,situation,stage,condition,industry，activity, job, race, scene,

circumstance, family等且关系词在从句中做地点状语时，常用where引导定语从句，表示抽

象地点

当先行词为occasion等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中做时间状语时，用when引导。

语法填空

You reach a point ___________ medicine can't help.

2.完成句子

(1)你能想象你没有朋友的状态吗？

Can you imagine such ____________________________________________?

(2)市场调查有助于公司给自己的产品定位。

Market research can help a company_____________________________________________.

Point 3 determine

教材P50》These two pieces of information-the time of day and the point where the sun is in the

sky-allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在空中

的方位——让黑脉金斑蝶决定它的路线。

用法详解

(1)vt.测定，确定，查明，准确算出；决定；安排

We set out to determine what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。

(2)v.决心（做某事）,决定。

常见搭配：

determine to do sth.(表示动作）决心做某事，决定做某事

determine on sth.决心/决定……

Greatly encouraged by what the teacher said, the boy retumed to his seat, determined to study

harder.老师的话使男孩深受鼓舞，他回到座位上，决心更加努力地学习。

They determined on an early start.他们决定早点儿出发。

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

语法填空

(1)(2018·北京卷改编）___________(determine)to be myself, move forward, free of shame and

worldly labels(世俗标签）,I can now call myself a "marathon winner".

(2)Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the ___________to push further and keep on

going.

(3)(2020·广东惠州调研）He patted(轻拍）me on the shoulder, with a __________ ( determine )

look , saying that I had the capability(能力）to succeed.

(4)(2020·四川成都校级月考）He did the experiment day and night,

determined____________(find)out an effective(有效的）way to treat the disease.

Point 4 amazing

教材P51》The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes a time when it is in

serious trouble.黑脉金斑蝶遭遇严重困境时它惊人的能力的奥秘才得以解开。

用法详解

amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的。在句中可做表语、定语或补语，用来说明主语或所修饰词

的特征。

It was amazing that she could be so calm in such a situation.在这种情况下她还能如此镇静，真

让人感到惊讶。

归纳拓展

(1)相关词语积累：

1.用amaze的适当形式填空

(1)The_______ look on her face showed that she was __________ to see what had happened.

(2)(2020·湖北武汉期中）Much to my _________(amaze), he was able to recite the whole poem

from memory.

(3)The foreigners are ___________ by the _________ achievements that the Chinese have made

in the development of economy.

(4)(2020·河北石家庄期中）It was only after we had watched Amazing China that we realized

what _________ achievements China has made in the past five years.

(5)(2020·天津静海区调研）The expression on her face suggested she was________when she

heard the news.

2.结合amaze的用法完成句子

(1)____________________(使我们感到惊讶的是）,there was no one in the school today.

(2)Hearing my words, the boy looked at me_______________(惊讶地）

(3)I______________________感到吃惊）that Jane had won first prize.

(4)________________________(........真是令人惊讶）that the headmaster is only 23years old.

Point 5 crash

教材P51》Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.过去的几年

里，黑脉金斑蝶的数量骤减了百分之九十。

用法详解

(1)vi.狂跌，暴跌；(计算机等）崩溃

(2)vi.&vt.碰撞，(飞机）坠毁。

常见搭配： crash into… 撞上….

crash …into…

3)n.碰撞，(飞机的）坠毁；碰撞声；暴跌。

常见搭配： a car crash汽车撞车事故

a plane crash飞机失事

There was a serious car crash here.这里发生了一起严重的汽车撞车事故。

情景串记

He experienced a serious car __________ today-his car _________ into another car and let out

a loud __________ of broken glass.今天他经历了一起严重的汽车撞车事故——他的车撞上了

另一辆车并发出了很大的玻璃破碎的声音。

Point6 destroy

教材P51》In many of the places where the butterfly can be found,people are destroying the natural

environment.在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。

用法详解

destroy v.破坏，摧毁，毁掉

A number of paintings in this castle were destroyed in a fire in 2009.

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

destruction n.破坏，摧毁，毁灭

destructive adj.毁灭性的，引起破坏的

★辨析比较，destroy,damage与ruin

易混词 区别 例句

destroy v. 彻底底毁灭性的破坏，还有不能或

难以修复

An bomb would destroy a city.

damage v./n.多指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于

无生命的事物，一般可以修复

Smoking can severely damage your health.

ruin V./n.多指出于外部原因而受到严重破

坏以至于不能修复，且这种破坏使某物

的价值或用处失去。也可以用语引申意

义，表示希望、愿望的破坏。

The rainy weather lasted for a couple of

days, completely ruining our plan for a

picnic.

用destroy的适当形式填空

(1)As a result of the __________of wildlife habitats(栖息地）,many animals have no place to live.

(2) The ____________ power of modern weapons is far beyond our imagination.

2.选词填空：destroy,damage,ruin

(1)Several houses were slightly ___________by the storm in the village.

(2)One of my friends asked me to help him with his lessons this weekend, and this ________my

plan.

(3)(2020·广东广州期中）Data shows that nearly 19,770 acres(英亩）of the Brazilian

rainforests____________between August 2015 and July 2016.

Point 7 lead to

教材P51》The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this

creature.不管怎样，对黑脉金斑蝶（迁徙）行为的研究让人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。

用法详解

1)导致，造成（后果）(相当于cause/bring about/result in)

Sating too much sugar can lead to health problems.

The global warming , if not properly controlled , might lead to more natural disasters .

2)通往，通向

All roads lead to Rome.

归纳拓展

lead构成的其他短语：★

lead do sth.使某人做某事

lead life 过着……的生活

lead sb. to someplace 领某人到某地

be in the lead/take the lead 领先

lead the way 领路

语法填空

Beijing exposed（使接触）too early to the foreign language, according to some experts, may lead

__________some unfavorable outcomes.

完成句子

他带路把我们领到了一个美丽的村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。

He__________________ and___________________ a beautiful village, where we found the local

people__________________.

Point 8 survive

教材P51》The more we know about this lovely creature,the greater the chance it will survive and

keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，

它生存的机会以及在很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位的机会就越大。

用法详解

survive v.活下来，幸存。(表示“幸存”时，不能用于被动语态。)

常见搭配：

survive from+时间 从…存留下来

survive on sth.(=live on sth.)依靠……生活

survive sth.幸免于……，从……中艰难度过

Many customs have survived from earlier times.许多风俗是从早年留存下来的。

The poor families survived on relief.这些贫穷家庭靠救济金生存

The company managed to survive the crisis.公司设法渡过了危机

特别提醒

survive用作及物动词时，本身已表示“幸存，幸免于难”，因而后面可直接加

war,flood,fire,accident,earthquake,explosion,crisis等表示灾难的名词，不能再加in或from等

介词。

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

survival n.幸存，生存，存活 survivor n.幸存者，生还者

语法填空

(1)Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of ___________. Last

week,thanks to the skills he and his friend succeeded in the severe__________floods and they

were the only two__________.(survive)

(2)(2020·湖北黄冈期末）Swifts(雨燕）are the typical sign of summer in the UK and many people

believe their ___________(arrive) marks the official start of the season.

Point 9 effect

教材P52》Then use the sentences to complete the"cause-effect"flow charts.然后用句子完成“因

果”流程图

用法详解

(1)n.[C,U]影响；结果；效力。常见搭配；

have an effect on对……有/产生影响/作用/效果

(2)v.使（某事物）发生；产生；引起

Many parents lack confidence in their ability to effect change in their children's behavior.许多父

母对自己是否有能力改变子女的行为缺乏信心。

归纳拓展

effect构成的其他短语：

into ellect实行，实施

come into effect开始实施，开始生效

take effect生效；开始实施

in effect事实上，实际上

with effect 有效地

of no effect 无效的，无用的

单项填空

(2019·江苏卷）Favorable policies are _______ to encourage employees’ professional

development.

A . in effect B . in command C . in turn D . in shape

语法填空

(1)Scientists are convinced__________the positive effect of laughter___________physical and

mental health.

(2)Our government has taken___________(effect)measures to ban drunken driving.

(3) His bad conduct had an effect ___________ his reputation.

(4) This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界）as a method of fighting heart

disease, has had some unintended side _________(effect) such as overweight and heart disease.

Point 10 be related to

教材P55》Think of another topic that is related to animals and hold a debate.思考一个其他与动

物有关的话题展开讨论。

用法详解

(1)与……有关。相当于be connected with。be related to中的to为介词，related前可用

strongly,closely等词修饰。

Pay increases are strongly related to productivity.工资的增加和生产效率有很大关系。

(2)与……有亲戚关系

My mother might be related to him.我母亲可能与他有亲戚关系。

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

relate v.联系，使有联系

把............联系起来

relate to sb./sth.涉及，与某人/某事相关

related adj.有联系的，相关的

relative adj.相对的，有联系的（常与to连用）n.亲戚

relation n.联系，关系；亲属

in 关于……；与……相比

语法填空

(1)You don't have to get college education but the experience __________(relate)to the job is

essential(必要的）.

(2) In Chinese culture, bamboo is known as one of the "four gentlemen"in plants. To Chinese

people, bamboo is a symbol of strength and modesty(谦虚). It is always closely __________

(relate) to people of positive spirits.

(3)If you still tend to relate "Made in China” __________poor quality, you need to update your

ideas. China's ability to produce high-quality products has been recognized by a growing number

of foreigners.

句式剖析

Pattern 1 教材 P51 》 People have been working together to record its migration and make

sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.人们一直齐心协力记录它的迁徒，并确保

它有足够的植物可食用。

句式剖析

have been working together是现在完成进行时。

考点提炼

现在完成进行时★

1.构成：have/has+been+现在分词

2.用法

(1)表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，还可能延续下去，强调动作的延续性。

I have been waiting for an hour, but she hasn't come yet.

Tom has been working hard since the new term began.

(2)表示从过去某时开始到现在这段时间内动作一再重复发生。

She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.

You have been telling me not to be late all the way.

(3)表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。

I have been playing ping-pong all the morning, so I'm sweating.

I've been painting the door, so my hands are very dirty.

(4)表示某种感情色彩

You have been daydreaming but never make an effort.

单项填空

(1)—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars. We___________ here for more than two hours.

be waiting been waiting

(2)Dashan,who_________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades,wants to mix it up

with the Western stand-up tradition.

be learning learning been learning been learning

语法填空

(1)-Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.

-He went to the library after breakfast and _________(write) his essay there ever since.

(2)-Tony, why are your eyes red?

-I_________(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.

(3)(2020·郑州十校联考高一期中）—Nancy doesn't look very well. What's wrong with her?

—She has a terrible headache because she _________(work) too long. She should stop to have a

good rest.

Pattern 2 These two pieces of information-the time of day and the point where the sun is in

the sky-allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.

这两条信息—一天中的时刻和太阳在空中的方位—让黑脉金斑碟决定它的路线。

Section II

Point 1 encounter

教材P57》An Encounter with Nature与自然的不期而遇

用法讲解

(1)n.意外地遇见，与……避近，后常跟介词with

We had an encounter with her last summer.

(2)vt.意外地遇见，偶然碰到，与……邂逅；遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）。

常见搭配：

encounter problems/difficulties遇到问题/困难

归纳拓展

①表示“偶然碰到”的短语还有：come across, run across, run into。

②表示“遇到（困难）”的短语还有：run into, meet with

The company ran into financial difficulties almost immediately.公司几乎立刻就陷入了财务困境。

语法填空

I had a close encounter scientists _________________ a poisonous(有毒的）snake in the woods

yesterday.

完成句子

年轻的科学家们在探险期间遇到了很多困难。

The young____________________________________ during their exploration.

Point 2 observe

教材P56》One of the best things about this job is that you can observe animals in their natural

environment.这份工作最棒的地方之一就是你可以在动物生存的自然环境中观察它们。

用法详解

(1)vt.& vi.看到，观察。

常见搭配：

sb. doing sth.观察/看到某人正在做某事

observe+ sth.观察/看到某人做某事

看到某事被做

(2)vt.遵守（规则、法律等）;庆祝，庆贺

Everyone should observe the law.每个人都应该守法。

Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country?

判断下列句子中observe的含义

(1)People should observe the traffic rules when they travel to a new place .

(2)The scientist devoted most of his life to observing the behavior of the chimpanzees(黑猩猩）.

(3)She was observed to climb over the gate by the teacher.

语法填空

(1) When I passed by his house, I observed him _________ ( play ) in the yard.

(2)The thief was observed___________( open ) the window and run away .

(3)(2020·广东汕头期末）In the future, we can send robots equipped with advanced chips(芯片）

to do___________(observe)for us.

Points 3 variety

教材P56》Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its

bears.黄石因它各种各样的野生动物而闻名，但其中最有名的莫过于狗熊。

用法详解

a variety of/varieties of 后接名词复数做主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式

(1)n.[U]多样化，变化

(2)n.[C](植物、语言等的）变种，变体；异体；品种。

常见搭配：

the variety of……的种类

a(wide)variety of/varieties of各种各样的……

I was impressed by the variety of dishes on offer.所供应的菜肴之丰盛让我叹服。

A wide variety of flowers were on show in the street.街上展出了各种各样的花。

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的

vary vi.相异；变化，变更

从....到....不等

随……变化而变化

在……方面相异/不同

Customs vary greatly from country to country.不同的国家风俗习惯差别很大。

Prices vary with the type of room you require.价格随你所要求的房间类型而有所变化。

语法填空

(1)(2020·天津滨海新区联考）There are _________(variety) things on sale, so you can choose

whatever interests you.

(2)_________(vary) of solutions_________(have)been provided for us to solve the problem. We

can choose one to start with.

(3)The price of tomatoes varies__________ the season.

完成句子

(1)他由于种种原因辞职了。

He resigned for ______________________________________________.

(2)近几年他各种各样的书被出版了。

A variety of his books______________________ in recent years.

Point4 concentrate★

教材P57》While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene,I suddenly had a

feeling that I was being watched.我正专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，突然感到有人在注

视着我。

用法详解

(1)vi.&vt.专注，专心。

常见搭配：

concentrate on(doing)sth.专心于（做）某事

(doing)sth.集中……于（做）某事

(2)vi.&vt 使……集中（或集合、聚集）于

归纳拓展

(1)相关词语积累：

concentration n.集中；专心，专注

concentrated adj.全力以赴的；集中的；浓缩的

(2)其他关于“专心于，全神贯注于”的表达法：★

focus on / upon

be buried / absorbed in

focus/fix/concentrate one's mind/attention on

lose/bury oneself in

语法填空

(1)You should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to your___________

(concentrate)on your study.

(2)John was absorbed _________ painting, so he didn't notice evening approaching.

(3)I can't concentrate my attention__________ my book with the loud music going on.

(4)All the pupils have been making____________ (concentrate)efforts to improve their work.

(5)She has turned down several invitations to star(主演）at shows in order to concentrate

___________her studies.

(6)Exercise is a great way to reduce pressure. Doing some exercise every day will also improve

your powers of_____________ (concentrate).

Points 5.6 recover;shock

教材P57》When I recovered from the shock,I looked at my camera,当我从震惊中恢复过来后，

我看了看相机。

r

用法详解

1)vi.(从糟糕经历中）恢复；恢复健康，痊愈，康复。

常见搭配：

recover from从……中恢复过来

It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.他患了重感冒，很长时间才恢复。

(2)vt.找回，寻回；恢复，重新控制。

常见搭配：

recover one's sight 恢复视力

recover oneself 恢复冷静

recover consciousness 恢复知觉

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

recovery n.[U,C]恢复，痊愈

make a quick/slow recovery 恢复很快/缓慢

make a full recovery完全康复

语法填空

(1) I hope you can take at least one hour’s exercise each day after you recover _________your

illness.

(2)This medicine is quite beneficial to your _________(recover) after the operation, providing you

take it as told.

6. shock

用法详解

(1)n.[U]震惊，吃惊，惊愕；[C,usually sing.]令人震惊的事

Seeing the scene, the little boy was speechless with shock.看到那个场面，小男孩得说不出话来。

非常震惊。

(2)vt.使震惊，使惊愕。

常见搭配：

It shocks sb. to 看到/听到……使某人震惊。

It shocked us to hear that the cinema was closing down.

归纳拓展

相关词语积累：

shocking adj.令人震惊的，令人气愤的（常用来形容事物）

shocked adj.吃惊的，震惊的（多用来形容人）

be shocked at sth.对……感到震惊

语法填空

(1)(2020·江苏南通模考）____________shocked us to learn that Louis was disabled,after an

operation(手术）on his foot.

(2)We were__________(shock) when we heard of the news that the plane crashed in the storm.

(3)All the people present at the meeting felt __________at the__________decision announced(宣

布）by the manager.(shock)

Point 7 after all

教材P57》It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。

用法详解

(1)毕竟，终究（表示结果与预想的不同，常置于句末）

I'm so sorry that I can't go with you after all.非常对不起，我终究还是不能和你一起去。

I thought I would fail the exam, but I passed after all. 我原以为考试不会及格，可我还是通过了。

(2)到底，别忘了（解释或说明理由）

It's not surprising that the boy got a stomachache. After all, he had eaten too much.那个男孩胃痛

并不令人惊讶，别忘了，他已经吃太多了。

归纳拓展

其他与all有关的短语：

all in all 总的说来，从各方面考虑

in all 总共，共计

above all 最重要的是，尤其是（强调重要性）

first of all首先，第一（强调顺序）

用all的相关短语完成句子

(1) Children need many things, but __________________they need love.

(2)I am glad to join you in playing this game, but _____________________allow me to introduce

myself to you.

(3)These things cost $3,000_________,which was beyond belief.

(4)The opening ceremony isn't so good , but ___________ I consider it a success.

(5)(2018·天津卷改编）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report,

but he went ___________.

句式剖析

Patterns 1、2 教材P57》 While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene,I

suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.我正专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，突

然感到有人在注视着我。

句式剖析

本句的结构分析如下：

While I was scene,

While引导的时间状语从句

I suddenly had a feeling (that I was being watched).

主句 that 引导的__________

Pattern 1

考点提炼

that引导的同位语从句

(1)同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用，多出现在fact,news,idea,doubt

thought,question,conclusion,promise,truth,report,possibility等名词的后面，解释说明名词的具

体内容。

(2)名词后接同位语从句时，如果同位语从句意义完整，则用that引导。

(3)在that引导的同位语从句中，that在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用但是不可省略，

亦不可用which替换。

The news that they had won the game soon spread all over the school.

语法填空

(1)(2018·天津卷改编）The possibility _________there is life on other planets in the universe has

always inspired(激励）scientists to explore the outer space.

(2)The manager put forward a suggestion_________ we should have an assistant. There is too

much work to do.

(3)Word came _________Chinese Men's Football Team had lost again. The news__________ he

told me was disappointing.

Pattern 2

考点提炼

过去进行时的被动语态★

(1)表示过去正在进行的被动动作。

(2)表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，说话时不一定在进行。

Many interesting experiments were being carried out recently.最近，许多有趣的实验正在进行。

(3)表示过去经常性的被动行为，常和always,constantly等表示频度的副词连用，这种用法常

常带有赞扬或厌恶等感情色彩。

He was always being praised by the leader.他过去总是受到领导的表扬。

(4)构成: 主语+was/were +being+done

单句语法填空

(1)(2018·天津卷改编）My washing machine __________(repair)last week, so I had to wash my

clothes by hand.

(2)They are living with their parents last month because their own house__________(rebuild).

(3)The church tower which__________(restore)will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost

finished.

(4)(2020·湖北武汉实验中学高一期中）Trees_________(plant)by students from our school at

this time last week.

Pattern 3 教材P57>> Only metres away from me was a bear.离我只有几米的地方有一只熊。

句式剖析

metres away from me 是介词短语，介词短语置于句首，句子主语是名词时用完全倒装。

考点提炼

完全倒装的常见情况★

(1)为保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可把介宾短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，

并把句子的主语和谓语完全倒装。

On the ground lay a sick old goat, which had gone into the cave to die. 地上躺着一只生病的老

山羊，它是到洞里等死的。

Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the

printed"Happy Birthday".贺卡里夹着一张折起来的纸，贺卡上印有“生日快乐”的字样，字

下面还写着一句附言。

(2)当here,there等方位副词及now,then等时间副词位于句首，句子谓语动词为

be,come,go,leave,run等表示动作趋向或状态（be)的动词，且句子的主语不是人称代词时，

句子的主语和谓语完全倒装。

Now comes your turn.现在该你了。

(3)出于生动地描写动作的目的，当in,out,away,up,down,off等表示趋向的副词位于句首，句

子谓语动词为go,fly,rush,run等，且句子主语不是人称代词时，句子的主语和谓语完全倒装。

Away flew the bird.鸟飞走了。

(4)There be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be还可用appear,lie,live,stand,remain,exist等表

示存在意义的动词替换。

Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前，海边的一个村子里住

着一位老渔夫。

特别提醒

上述完全倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词，则不能全部倒装

Here he comes.他来了。

句型转换

(1)A little boy rushed out of the room suddenly.

Out of the room______________________________ suddenly.

(2)A tall tree with a history of over100 years stands in front of the house.

In front of the house__________________________________ with a history of over 100 years .

完成句子

(1)过了一会儿，他进来了。

After a while, in_________________________________________

(2)约翰打开门，一个他以前从来没见过的女孩站在那儿。

John opened the door. There___________________________that he had never seen before

(3)地板上有几本书。

On the floor___________________________________________.

Pattern 4 教材 P57 > It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 毕竟，我们才是它

们世界的访客。

句式剖析

It is after all 是强调句型，被强调部分是after all we。

考点提炼

强调句型★

强调句型的基本结构是：It +is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他。

该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语和定语。学习强调句型时

需要注意以下几点：

(1)强调句型中的It本身没有词义，但不能用其他词代替。

(2)被强调部分指人时用that或who,其他情况一律用that

It was John that/who I met in the library this morning.

It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.

(3)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即is或was。用is还是

was要根据原句的时态而定。属于现在或将来时间范畴的时态，用is;属于过去时间范畴的时

态，用was。

It is Jack who loves football most.

It was Alice and her friend who sent the old man to the hospital.

(4)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保

持一致。

It is you that/who are too careless.是你太粗心了。

(5)强调主语或宾语且主语或宾语为人称代词时，应注意主语或宾语的形式仍用主格或宾格

形式

It was he that/who helped me yesterday.昨天是他帮助了我。

It was me that/who he helped yesterday.昨天他帮助的人是我

归纳拓展

强调句型的特殊形式：

一般疑问句式 Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他？

Was it you that/who I saw last night at the concert?

特殊疑问句式 特殊疑问词+is/was+it that+其他？(强调句型的特殊疑问句做宾语时，

要用陈述语序。

I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.

not until强调句式 It is/was +that+其他.

Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his

musical gift was fully recognized.

语法填空

(1)(2020·江苏南通期末）—Have you searched the kitchen for your car key?

—No. It was in the study___________ I remember I left it.

(2)(2020·福建厦门期末）1 have been left behind but I have a goal like all the other runners : I

will run to the end. And it is my motherland that__________ (give)me the power to move on.

(3)Was it because Jack came late for school___________Mr Smith got angry?

(4)(2020·浙江9+1高中联盟期中）It was my sister _________helped me out when I was in

trouble .

(5)________was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to

marry.

(6)(2018·天津卷改编） _________ was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we

saw Lily in the passenger seat.

(7)It_________ (be) three books that they bought the day before yesterday.

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