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2024年4月21日发(作者:)
郑州市2014高考英语阅读理解考前自练题
科普知识类阅读理解
The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely
accomplished is not I. Q. , a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s
purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you
wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed
a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just
enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to
meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the
writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same
birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some
idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of
her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling
a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and
life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary know-ledge of her
field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its
inner workings.
Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and
error-focused. By practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her
mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically
performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and
repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then
she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing
her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take
on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into
a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can
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call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s
the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest
research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact
that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re
“hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But
the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.
1. The passage mainly deals with .
A. the function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer
B. the relationship between genius and success
C. the decisive factor in making a genius
D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction
2. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could .
A. come to understand the inner structure of writing
B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday
C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes
D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security
3. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, .
A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success
B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance
C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements
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