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2024年1月21日发(作者:)
高中英语词法之现在分词考点大全笔记
单选题
1、The digital age ________ us to find friends ________ the same interests.
A.enabled ; to shareB.enabled ; sharedC.enables ; sharingD.enable ; share
答案:C
解析:
考查时态及非谓语动词。句意:数字时代使我们能够找到志趣相投的朋友。根据句子结构,第一空考查谓语动词,第二空考查非谓语动词。根据句意,此句描述一般事实,故用一般现在时。主语The digital age是单数,谓语动词用单三,第一空填enables;friends与share是主谓关系,故用现在分词,作定语,故填sharing,故选C。
2、A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some________to eat grass.
A.stoppedB.to stopC.stoppingD.being stopped
答案:C
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:一群藏羚羊在桥下移动,其中一些停下来吃草。分析句子可知,后面为with+名词/代词+分词作状语,设空处的分词和some之间为主动关系,应用现在分词 。故选C项。
3、________ my daughter was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A.SeeingB.To seeC.SeeD.Seen
答案:A
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:看到我女儿要去睡觉,我问她是否想要那个小娃娃在床上陪她。分析句子结构可知,“I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.”是主句,所以空处是非谓语动词作状语,动词see(看到)的逻辑主1
语是主句主语I(我),且二者之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式,故选A。
4、When Zhou Kai’s mother saw him ________ the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him ________.
A.approaching; anxiousB.approach; anxious
C.approaching; anxiouslyD.approach; anxiously
答案:C
解析:
考查现在分词和副词。句意:当周凯的母亲看到他不穿夹克走近前门时,她焦虑地看着他。根据“she eyed him”可知,此处是指看着他走近前门,see sb doing意为“看见某人正在做某事”,此处用现在分词作宾语补足语。修饰动词eyed应用副词anxiously表示“焦虑地”作状语。故选C。
5、Principal White has been working in the school for about 20 years, ________ all his energy to teaching and
researching as well as the running of a healthy school.
A.devotedB.devotingC.to devoteD.and devote
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特校长在这所学校工作了近20年,致力于教学、科研和学校的健康运营。句中已有谓语动词,且不是并列句,空处应该用非谓语,空后有其宾语all his energy,主语Principal White和动词devote是主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语。故选B。
6、All the parents________to attend students' graduation ceremony, the school successfully made the event
emotional and educational
A.had been invitedB.being invited
C.invitingD.having been invited
答案:D
解析:
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考查非谓语动词。句意:所有的家长都被邀请参加学生的毕业典礼,学校成功地使这次活动充满感情和教育意义。分析句子结构可知,这里为独立主格结构,动词invite与All the parents为被动关系,且从句动作发生在主句动作made之前,应用现在分词完成式的被动语态。故选D。
7、These women _____ works of the highest quality, any survey of the 19th century English literature must include
them.
A.having producedB.have produced
C.were producedD.having been produced
答案:A
解析:
考查独立主格。句意:这些女性创造出了最高品质的作品,任何对19世纪英国文学的研究都必须包含她们。分析句子可知,设空处所在部分为独立主格作状语,逻辑主语these women和produce之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,且该动作明显发生在谓语动词must include之前,应用现在分词的完成时形式having done。故选A。
小提示:
8、________ quite a few productions of Hamlet, I was full of confidence-until the Peking Opera came to town.
A.SeeingB.SeenC.To seeD.Having seen
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:看过好几部《哈姆雷特》的剧作后,我充满了信心——直到京剧进城。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词was full of,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,I和see为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式,see发生在was full of之前,需用现在分词的完成式。故选D。
9、Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a millionaire overnight.
A.makingB.makesC.to makeD.made
答案:A
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解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天,一个街头乞丐无意中买了一张彩票,一夜之间成了百万富翁。分析句子结构,“_____ him a millionaire overnight”作结果状语,故应用现在分词形式,故选A。
10、________ his famous number 23 shirt, Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in the
history of the game.
A.WoreB.WearingC.WearsD.Wear
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:穿着他著名的23号球衣,迈克尔·乔丹成为了篮球运动史上最成功的篮球运动员。分析句子结构可知wear在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语Michael Jordan 构成主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故选B。
11、Once, ______ to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a
speech.
A.being invitedB.to be invited
C.had been invitedD.having been invited
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:有一次,一所大学邀请他去吃晚饭,校长突然请他演讲,把他弄得十分尴尬。he was
put on the spot是主句,此处使用非谓语动词,强调“被邀请”发生在主句动作之前,应用现在分词的完成式。故选D。
12、The other day, when passing by his house, I observed him _________ football in the yard.
A.to playB.playedC.being playedD.playing
答案:D
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解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:有一天,我经过他家时,看见他在院子里踢足球。observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事,现在分词作宾语补足语,表示正在进行的动作。故选D。
13、—Is there any danger for the patient ________ on by Dr. Smith?
—Hard to say. Doctors are trying their best.
A.to operateB.being operatedC.to be operatedD.operating
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:——正由史密斯医生做手术的病人有什么危险吗?——很难说,医生在尽力。分析句子结构可知operate在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且作patient的定语,表示“在被做手术的”,patient与operate为被动关系,所以用被动,又因为正在进行,故用现在分词的被动形式,故选B。
14、All the parents________to attend students' graduation ceremony, the school successfully made the event
emotional and educational
A.had been invitedB.being invited
C.invitingD.having been invited
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:所有的家长都被邀请参加学生的毕业典礼,学校成功地使这次活动充满感情和教育意义。分析句子结构可知,这里为独立主格结构,动词invite与All the parents为被动关系,且从句动作发生在主句动作made之前,应用现在分词完成式的被动语态。故选D。
15、______ diverse Chinese culture and customs, Albert returned to Britain last week, excited and pleased.
A.ExperiencedB.Having experiencedC.To experienceD.Experiencing
答案:B
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解析:
考查现在分词的完成式。句意:阿尔伯特经历了多元的中国文化和习俗,上周回到英国,既兴奋又快乐。分析句子可知,Albert 和experience是主谓关系,先确定用非谓语中的现在分词,同时experience这个动作又发生在主句谓语动词returned之前,所以最后要用having done现在分词完成式,故用having experienced。故选B项。
小提示:
分析现在分词的完成式关键抓住两点:
辨别非谓语动词的使用条件。一个句子中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词,还有别的动词出现时,这个动词用非谓语形式。主动进行-ing,被动完成用-ed,将来目的用to do。
having done的用法。非谓语中的having done是现在分词完成式,表示主动的动作,且动作发生在谓语动词之前。
如本题中,Albert是experience的逻辑主语,是主动关系,先确定用-ing形式,同时experience这个动作又发生在主句谓语动词returned之前,所以最后要用having done现在分词完成式,故用having experienced。
16、___________ its size with that of the whole earth, we find the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A.When comparedB.Compared toC.To be comparedD.Comparing
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:把它的大小和整个地球的大小比较一下,我们发现最高的山似乎一点也不高了。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词,此空应用非谓语动词。“把……和……相比”,compare和逻辑主语we之间是主动关系,结合选项,应用现在分词作状语,故选D。
17、With us long ______ that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed that plants can communicate after
all.
A.believeB.believingC.believedD.to believe
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答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:长期以来,我们一直认为会说话的植物只是幻想,但最新研究表明,植物终究是可以交流的。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”,believe与us构成主动关系,故用现在分词作宾补。故选B。
18、The professor preferred ________lectures to students to ________ to attend meetings.
A.to give; inviteB.giving; invitingC.to give; be invitedD.giving; being invited
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:教授更倾向于给学生们上课,而不是被邀参加各种会议。A. to give给; invite邀请;B.
giving给; inviting邀请;C. to give给; be invited邀请;D. giving给; being invited邀请。prefer doing A than doing B为固定句型,意为“比起做B更倾向于做A”。且主语The professor与动词give之间是主动关系,与动词invite之间是被动关系,故空1填giving,空2填being invited。故选D项。
19、Engines are machines _______ power or motion.
A.produceB.producingC.producedD.which producing
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:发动机是产生动力或运动的机器。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“are”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“produce”意为“生产”,动词词性,“machines”与“produce”为逻辑上的主谓关系,故空格处应用现在分词作后置定语,修饰“machines”,“produce”的现在分词为“producing”。故选B项。
20、The sun began to rise in the sky, _________ the mountain in golden light.
A.bathedB.bathingC.to have bathedD.having bathed
答案:B
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解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:太阳开始在天空中升起,使山沐浴在金色的光芒中。分析句子结构可知bathe在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语the sun之间为主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语。故选B。
21、A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _______ all four people on board.
A.killingB.killedC.killD.to kill
答案:A
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:一架小型飞机在城东5英里处的山坡上坠毁,机上4人全部遇难。分析句子结构可知,此句已有谓语动词crashed,此空应用非谓语动词,且根据句意,可知逗号后是逗号前句子的结果,而且是自然而然的结果,所以此处用现在分词做结果状语,故选A。
22、I was told that there were about 50 foreign students________ Chinese in the school, most _______ were from
Germany.
A.studied; of whomB.study; of them
C.studying; of whomD.studying; of them
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:我听说学校里大约有50名学习中文的外国学生,其中大部分来自德国。第一空考查非谓语动词,名词students与study之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语;第二空考查非限定性定语从句,先行词为students,在从句中作most of的宾语,所以用关系代词whom。故选C。
23、Autumn is here and you can see lots of fruits ________ in the wind, ready to be picked.
A.to swingB.swingingC.swungD.being swung
答案:B
解析:
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考查非谓语动词。句意:秋天来了,你可以看到许多水果在风中摇曳,等待采摘。设空处在句中作非谓语,设空处和句子的逻辑主语fruits之间是逻辑主动关系。应用现在分词的形式。故答案为B项。
24、Philosophers ________back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis,
and there is little doubt _________their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.
A.dated, thatB.dating, whetherC.dating, thatD.dated, whether
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意:追溯到柏拉图和古希腊的哲学家们对这一领域给予了大量的思考和重视,毫无疑问,他们的工作帮助塑造了数千年来的教育实践。 分析句子可知,“___back to Plato and the Ancient
Greeks”作后置定语,修饰Philosophers,date back to“追溯到”无被动式,故date用现在分词形式,空格②引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt,doubt后可接that或if或者whether引导的同位语从句,that从句一般用于否定句或疑问句中, if或者whether从句一般用于肯定句中,little表示否定,故此处用that引导同位语从句。故选C。
小提示:
25、With winter ________, the weather is becoming increasingly cold.
A.approachesB.approachedC.is approachingD.approaching
答案:D
解析:
考查with复合结构。句意:随着冬天的临近,天气变得越来越冷。“with + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,宾语winter与approach之间是主动关系,要用现在分词形式作宾补。故选D项。
26、________ back on my high school life, the most important advice I’d give is these wonderful words from the
writer.
A.To lookB.LookingC.LookD.Looked
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答案:B
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:回顾我的高中生活,我想给的最重要的建议是作者的这些精彩的话。分析可知,空格处用非谓语形式,look和其逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,作状语,故选B。
27、Palace officials announced Monday that Prince Harry is engaged to Meghan Markle, _____ months of rumors
that the couple was close to _____ the knot.
A. tyingB. tie
C.ieD.ing
答案:A
解析:
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:皇室官员周一宣布,Harry王子与Meghan Markle订婚,证实了几个月来关于哈里王子即将结婚的传闻。分析句子及语意可知,第一个设空处应是现在分词作结果状语,第二个设空处是动名词作介词to的宾语。confirm的现在分词形式为confirming,tie的动名词形式为tying。故选A项。
28、It rained heavily in the south,________serious floods in several provinces.
A.causedB.having caused
C.causingD.to cause
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:南方下了大雨,在几个省区造成严重洪灾。空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果,而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系,所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。故选C。
小提示:
29、________ the meeting room, he found all the parents already________ there.
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A.To enter; sittingB.Entering; to seatC.Entered; seatD.Entering; seated
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:进入会议室时,他发现所有的父母家长们已经坐在那里了。根据句中的主语he ,可以得出“他进入会议室时”表时间状语,与主语he是主谓关系,用现在分词entering置于句首作状语;又根据句中谓动词found 可知,句中有find sb +adj 结构,此处该用seat的过去分词seated,作宾语补足语,表示就坐的状态。故选D。
30、___________the news, they got excited.
A.To hearB.HearingC.HeardD.To have heard
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:听到这个消息,他们很兴奋。分析句子结构可知,空处是非谓语动词做状语,且动词hear(听到)的逻辑主语是主句主语they(他们),二者之间是主动关系,应用hear的现在分词形式,A选项表示目的性,C选项表示被动,D选项表示目的性,且表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,所以均不符合,故选B。
31、_________ hard at your lessons, you will be admitted into a key university.
A.WorkB.To workC.WorkingD.Worked
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:努力学你的功课,你将被允许进入一所重点大学。根据句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词。句子的逻辑主语与work是主谓关系,故用现在分词,作状语,故选C。
32、________ China over 40 times since 2012, she knows how effective the country's sports system can be.
A.Having been visitingB.To visitC.Having visitedD.To have visited
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答案:C
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:自2012年以来,她已经访问中国40多次,她知道这个国家的体育系统多么行之有效。分析句子可知,本句已经有谓语动词,空处应为非谓语动词,she与know在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用现在分词,再根据“since 2012 ”可知,本句为现在分词的完成式having visited。故选C项。
33、________ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.
A.Not completingB.Not completed
C.Not having completedD.Having not completed
答案:C
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:由于没有完成课程,他们不得不在那里再呆两周。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,和主语之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,该动作先于谓语发生,应用完成式,根据句意,可知是否定形式,直接在现在分词前加not,根据句意,故选C。
34、—Is there any danger for the patient ________ on by Dr. Smith?
—Hard to say. Doctors are trying their best.
A.to operateB.being operatedC.to be operatedD.operating
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:——正由史密斯医生做手术的病人有什么危险吗?——很难说,医生在尽力。分析句子结构可知operate在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且作patient的定语,表示“在被做手术的”,patient与operate为被动关系,所以用被动,又因为正在进行,故用现在分词的被动形式,故选B。
35、________ her work with his, you’ll find hers much better.
A.ComparedB.CompareC.To compareD.Comparing
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答案:D
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:把她的工作和他的相比,你会发现她的工作好得多。分析句子结构可知,前后句子之间用的是逗号,且没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,排除选项B;空处动词compare与主句主语you之间是主动关系,所以空处需用现在分词comparing作状语,选项C动词不定式常用作目的状语不符合题意,选项A过去分词表被动,不符合题意。故选D。
36、When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds the mountain tops, he was reduced to
tears.
A.being surroundedB.surroundedC.surroundingD.to surround
答案:C
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:当他看到河面上的薄雾和山顶上的云雾时,他流下眼泪。分析句子可知,“the soft
clouds the mountain tops”和前文“the mists rising from the river”并列,作谓语saw的复合宾语,动词surround和宾语the soft clouds之间是主动关系,see sb doing sth,是动词习惯用法,现在分词作宾补,表示动作在进行,未完成,所以此处应用surrounding和前文rising一样都作宾语补足语。故选C项。
37、The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and________less than 40 pounds must be in a child
safety seat.
A.to weighB.having been weighedC.weighingD.weighed
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:交通规则规定,四岁以下、体重小于40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。此处weigh是不及物动词,意为“重量是……”,不用被动语态,分析可知,空处应用非谓语动词与介词短语under the
age of four并列作children的后置定语,weigh和逻辑主语children之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故选C。
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38、I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman ________ a mask.
A.woreB.wornC.wearingD.wears
答案:C
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:我刚听说朵拉工作的银行被一个戴面具的持枪歹徒抢劫了。分析句子可知,设空处修饰名词gunman,做后置定语,且与名词之间是主动关系,因此,使用现在分词做后置定语。故选C。
39、I saw him _________ computer games when I arrived.
A.playedB.playingC.was playingD.play
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:当我到达时,我看见他在玩电脑游戏。表示“看见某人正在做某事”短语为see sb.
doing sth.。故选B。
40、When everyone came into the house, he was found ________ on the floor.
A.lainB.lyingC.being lainD.lie
答案:B
解析:
考查现在分词。句意:当所有人都走进屋子时,发现他正躺在地板上。本句已有谓语was found且无连词,动词lie用非谓语形式,逻辑主语he与动词lie是主谓关系,用现在分词(doing)表主动,做主补,find sb. doing
sth.(发现某人正在干某事)。故选B项。
41、The sun began to rise in the sky, _________ the mountain in golden light.
A.bathedB.bathingC.to have bathedD.having bathed
答案:B
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解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:太阳开始在天空中升起,使山沐浴在金色的光芒中。分析句子结构可知bathe在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语the sun之间为主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语。故选B。
42、China has accelerated crucial transformations in the role of government, _______the market to play a decisive
role.
A.to allowB.allowed
C.having allowedD.allowing
答案:D
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:中国加快了政府角色的重大转变,让市场发挥决定性作用。分析句子结构,并结合句意,可知此处用现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果,非谓语表示的动作与句子谓语表示的动作同时发生,没有明显的先后顺序,所以用现在分词的一般式,故D项正确。
43、Tell the children ________ there ________ make so much noise.
A.plays, don’tB.playing, not toC.played, not toD.to play, don’t
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:告诉在那里玩的孩子们不要吵闹。第一空,分析句子结构可知play在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语children构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语;第二空表示“告诉某人不要做某事”短语为tell sb. not to do sth.。故选B。
44、The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ______ more patients to be treated.
A.to allowB.allowingC.allowedD.having allowed
答案:B
解析:
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考查非谓语动词。句意:医院最近获得了新的医疗设备,使更多的病人得到治疗。分析句子结构可知,句子谓语动词为obtain,allow是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the hospital是主动关系,结合句意,“让更多的人得到治疗”是“医院最近获得了新的医疗设备”这件事所产生的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,表主动和情理之中的结果。故选B。
45、A medical rescue plane crashed while taking off, ________ eight people, including the captain.
A.having killedB.killingC.killedD.being killed
答案:B
解析:
考查非谓语动词。句意:一架医疗救援飞机在起飞时坠毁,包括机长在内的8人死亡。根据主句谓语动词crashed且空前无连接词,可知此处要用非谓语动词,此处指上文A medical rescue plane crashed while taking off造成是一种自然结果,因此要用现在分词,作结果状语。故选B项。
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