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2024年5月10日发(作者:)
摘要
本试验通过对三个品种向日葵进行三种浓度的中性盐胁迫处理,研究酸性磷酸
酯酶(APA)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等同工
酶的活性变化以及向日葵的不同器官的解剖结构的变化。比较三个向日葵品种在不
同浓度盐胁迫下的生理生化差异,主要结果如下:
l、中性盐对康地5号向日葵伤害较轻,而对2603向日葵和KWS203向日葵伤
害比较严重,2603向日葵和KWS203向同葵伤害程度相差不大。就生物膜透性伤害
程度而言,康地5号向日葵明显低于2603向日葵和KWS203向日葵,其脯氨酸含量
显著高于2603向日葵和I(7『S203向R葵,丙二醛含量则明显低于2603向日葵和
KWS203向同葵。在抗氧化保护酶活性变化方面,康地5号向日葵POD、CAT活性变
化较2603向日葵和KWS203向日葵快,而SOD活性上升更明显。分析结果表明,三
个品种的向日葵耐盐性存在差异,康地5号向日葵的耐盐性比2603向同葵和I(1I『203
向日葵强。
2、从解剖结构上分析,它在老根中建立了一种屏障,即外皮层栓质化,栓质
化的主要成分是难溶于水的脂类物质,它透气透水性差,使溶解于土壤中的高浓度
盐分很难进入根中。根的外皮层细胞层数增多,又容纳了大量的盐分:植物的茎内
具有含晶细胞,盐类以晶体形式沉积,将植物体内多余盐分固定下来,从而抑制盐
分对细胞产生毒害作用:植物的叶片在盐胁迫下,气孔大部分关闭,数量明显减少,
存储下的水分能溶解多余的盐分。并且植物体内具有发达的通气组织,这与水生和
湿生植物的通气组织相似,以适应盐碱土地的缺氧环境。
关键词:向同葵;基因型:中性盐胁迫:酶活性;解剖结构
Study
on
mechanismanddifferenceof
salt—tolerant
ofvarietiesof
Sunflower
Abst
ract
Through
the
study
thatthree
variety
sunflowers
WaSstressed
by
three
concentrationofneutral
salt,The
isoenzymeactivity
such
as
acidic
phosphatase(APA)
isozyme,theperoxide
enzyme(POD)isozyme,the
hyperoxide
mutase(SOD)
isozyme
and
the
catalase(CAT)isozyme
was
tested,笛well勰the
changes
ofthe
anatomical
structure
ofthedifferent
organs
ofSunflowerWas
researched.We
compared
the
physiological
and
biochemicalindexes.inthedifferentsunflower
variety
underthedifferent
density
salt
stress,the
mainresults
ale
as
follows:
1.The
harm
to
Kang
5(Sunflower
variety)is
light,but
is
quite
serious
to
2603
(Sunflower
variety)and
the
KWS203(Sunflower
variety).The
harm
to
2603and
the
KWS203
is
similar.Regarding
theharm
tO
the
biomembrane
penetrability,Kang
5
are
obviously
lower
than
2603
andKWS203,its
content
of
proline
obviously
is
higher
than
2603
and
KWS203,the
content
of
malondialdehyde
obviously
islower
than
2603
and
KWS203.Regarding
the
enzyme
activity
in
theoxidation
resistance
protection.
The
POD,CAT
activeness
change
of
Kang
5iSmore
quick
than2603
and
KWS203,and
theSODactivenessriseismore
obvious.Analysis
of
variance
results
showedthat
thesalt
tolerance
ofthree
varietiesof
sunfloweriSremarkable.The
salt—tolerant
ofthedifferent
vafiety-s
sunfloweris
remarkable
difference,the
salt-tolerant
ofthe
Kang
5ismore
remarkable
than2603
andKW203.
2.Throug
the
structural
analysis
ofanatomical
structures,first
of
all,it
haS
established
one
kindofbarrierin
the
root,namely
theexodermis
suberization,the
mainconstituentofsuberizationis
lipid
materialthatis
difficult
to
dissolvein
water,it
is
air-tight
and
water·proof,it
is
very
difficult
that
the
high
concentration
of
salt
dissolved
inthesoil
enter
the
root.The
number
of
layers
ofthe
coaex
of
root
is
increaSedand
accommodate
a
large
numberof
salt;Second,it
haS
the
crystal
cellin
plants,the
salts
was
depositedby
the
crystal,the
unnecessary
salinity
WaS
fixed,thus
inhibiting
thetoxicactionofthe
salinity
to
the
cell.Additionally,plants
havethe
developed
aerenchyma,this
issimilarwiththe
aerenchyma
of
aquaticplant
and
hygrophyte,itadapts
to
circumstances
of
inadequateoxygen
on
saline
and
alkali
land.
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