大学英语六级仔细阅读专项强化真题试卷5(题后含答案及解析)

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2024年1月21日发(作者：)

大学英语六级仔细阅读专项强化真题试卷5

(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

What a waste of money! In return for an average of ￡44,000 of debt,

students get an average of only 14 hours of lecture and tutorial time a week in Britain.

Annual fees have risen from ￡1,000 to ￡9,000 in the last decade, but contact time

at university has barely risen at all. And graduating doesn’t even provide any

guarantee of a decent job: six in ten graduates today are in non-graduate jobs. No

wonder it has become fashionable to denounce many universities as little more than

elaborate con-tricks(骗术). There’s a lot for students to complain about: the

repayment threshold for paying back loans will be frozen for five years, meaning that

lower-paid graduates have to start repaying their loans: and maintenance grants have

been replaced by loans, meaning that students from poorer backgrounds face higher

debt than those with wealthier parents. Yet it still pays to go to university. If going

to university doesn’t work out, students pay very little—if any—of their tuition fees

back: you only start repaying when you are earning ￡21,000 a year. Almost half of

graduates—those who go on to earn less—will have a portion of their debt written off.

It’s not just the lectures and tutorials that are important. Education is the sum of what

students teach each other in between lectures and seminars. Students do not merely

benefit while at university: studies show they go on to be healthier and happier than

non-graduates, and also far more likely to vote. Whatever your talents, it is

extraordinarily difficult to get a leading job in most fields without having been to

university. Recruiters circle elite universities like vultures(兀鹰). Many top firms will

not even look at applications from those who lack a 2.1, i. e., an upper-second class

degree, from an elite university. Students at university also meet those likely to be in

leading jobs in the future, forming contacts for life. This might not be right, but

school-leavers who fail to acknowledge as much risk making the wrong decision

about going to university. Perhaps the reason why so many universities offer their

students so little is they know studying at a top university remains a brilliant

investment even if you don’t learn anything. Studying at university will only become

less attractive if employers shift their focus away from where someone went to

university—and there is no sign of that happening anytime soon. School-leavers may

moan, but they have little choice but to embrace university and the student debt that

comes with it.

1． What is the author’s opinion of going to university?

A．It is worthwhile after all.

B．It is simply a waste of time.

C．It is hard to say whether it is good or bad.

D．It is too expensive for most young people.

正确答案：A

解析：观点态度题。定位句指出“然而上大学仍是值得的”，接下来该段分别从还贷、教育和受益三个方面解释为什么上大学是值得的。由此可见，作者对上大学还是持一种赞成的态度，认为这么做是值得的，故答案为A)。

2． What does the author say about the employment situation of British

university graduates?

A．Few of them are satisfied with the jobs they are offered.

B．It usually takes a long time for them to find a decent job.

C．Graduates from elite universities usually can get decent jobs.

D．Most of them take jobs which don’t require a college degree.

正确答案：D

解析：事实细节题。首段第一句表明本文讨论的是英国大学生，然后定位句指出“如今有十分之六的毕业生从事的都是不需要大学文凭的工作”，D)中的jobs

which don’t require a college degree与原文中的non—graduate jobs表述相近，故为正确答案。

3． What does the author say is important for university students besides

classroom instruction?

A．Making sure to obtain an upper-second class degree.

B．Practical skills they will need in their future careers.

C．Interactions among themselves outside the classroom.

D．Developing independent and creative thinking abilities.

正确答案：C

解析：事实细节题。定位句指出，不仅仅是授课和辅导很重要，教育是学生们在讲座和研讨班之间互相学习的知识总和，也就是说大学生们在课堂之外的互动也很重要，故答案为C)。

4． What is said to be an advantage of going to university?

A．Learning how to take risks in an ever-changing world.

B．Meeting people who will be helpful to you in the future.

C．Having opportunities of playing a leading role in society.

D．Gaining up-to-date knowledge in science and technology.

正确答案：B

解析：推理判断题。定位句指出，学生在大学里还会遇见那些以后可能会从事一流工作的人，为生活建立有用的社会关系。由此可知，上大学的好处之一就是可以遇见那些未来对你会有帮助的人，故答案为B)。

5． What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．It is natural for students to make complaints about university education.

B．Few students are willing to bear the burden of debt incurred at university.

C．University education is becoming attractive to students who can afford it.

D．The prestige of the university influences employers’ recruitment decisions.

正确答案：D

解析：推理判断题。最后一段第二句指出，只有当雇主们不再关注人们就读哪所大学时，在大学学习的吸引力才会变小——没有任何迹象表明这在近期内会很快发生。由此可知，短时间内雇主们在招聘时仍会看重大学的声望，故答案为D)。

Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote

controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it

was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be

able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote

control. “ It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or

twelve years,” says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy. So the news that

Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements

to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During

commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to

press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to

allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.

Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of

the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry

that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is

cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially

important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive

advertising, “many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”

says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes. In theory, interactive

advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever

recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂), which kept

viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average. The amount spent on

interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency,

reckons it will be worth about $ 138 million this year. That falls far short of the

billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and

Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a

coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available

across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells interactive ads,

says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB,

Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with

interactive ads. Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “ lean

back” medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3

-4% , compared with less than 0. 3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty.

Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.

6． What does Colin Dixon mean by saying “ It’s been the year of interactive

television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4 - 5, Para. 1)?

A．Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10 -12 years.

B．Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or

so.

C．Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into

situation comedies.

D．Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.

正确答案：D

解析：语义理解题。首段第二句和第三句指出，早在十年前人们就预计观众会在观看热播喜剧的时候，通过互动式电视广告购物，而第二段首句又提到美国有线公司重新推广这一项目，可见，互动式电视广告过去并未取得人们预想的发展和业绩，故答案为D)。

7． What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV

advertising program?

A．Pretty positive.

B．Totally indifferent.

C．Somewhat doubtful.

D．Rather critical.

正确答案：C

解析：推理判断题。定位句明确指出，美国有线电视公司打算向用户全面推广互动式电视广告的做法遭到了一些质疑，这也符合之前提到的互动电视广告多年未按照人们预想的那样盛行的情况，故答案为C)。

8． What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV

advertising?

A．It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.

B．It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.

C．It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.

D．It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.

正确答案：C

解析：事实细节题。定位句指出，数字视频录像机的使用可以让用户跳过商业广告，这令广告商们十分担心，这在市场推广费用有限的情况下显然是对电视广告业十分不利的，故答案为C)。

9． What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?

A．It proves the advantage of TV advertising.

B．It has done well in engaging the viewers.

C．It helps attract investments in the company.

D．It has boosted the TV advertising industry.

正确答案：B

解析：推理判断题。定位句指出，联合利华为其除臭剂产品进行的广告活动成功地吸引观众关注长达三分多钟，结合之前的一句：理论上讲，互动广告可以以一种30秒插播广告所做不到的方式来吸引观众，可知在吸引观众注意方面，互动式广告具有优越性，故答案为B)。

10． How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?

A．They may be due to the novel way of advertising.

B．They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.

C．They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.

D．They indicate the future direction of media reform.

正确答案：A

解析：事实细节题。定位句提到，到目前为止，互动式电视广告点击率还是比较高的，从具体数字看具有明显优越性，但作者指出这可能仅仅是出于人们对于这种方式的新鲜感，而且互动式电视广告不一定会赢得观众的认可，故答案为A)。

What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree:

there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready

to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are

“structural,” and will take many years to solve. But don’t bother asking for

evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts

suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand.

Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our

unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and

political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which

mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions. The fact is job

openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into

part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged

in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population

not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5% . So the

evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural

unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular? Part of the answer

is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part

because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with

no easy answers, makes them sound serious. I’ve been looking at what

self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great

Depression: it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now.

Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because

the workforce is “ unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities

which industry may offer. “ A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided

a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager

to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers. But now, as then, powerful

forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a

sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that

we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do

nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.

So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims.

We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills: we’re suffering from a lack of

policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately

needed.

11． What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in

America?

A．Corporate mismanagement.

B．Insufficient demand.

C．Technological advances.

D．Workers’ slow adaptation.

正确答案：B

解析：事实细节题。定位句明确指出，所有的事实都表明美国的高失业率是需求不足的结果，并在该句之后接着分析专家之所以用“结构性失业”掩盖真正根源性的理由就是想让他们显得更加严肃，可见，作者的看法就是失业的根源就是需求不足，故答案为B)。

12． What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning

unemployment?

A．Self-evident.

B．Thought-provoking.

C．Irrational.

D．Groundless.

正确答案：D

解析：观点态度题。由定位句可知，作者对于“结构性失业”这种所谓的专家的看法不以为然，因为这种看法是毫无依据和佐证的。而第四段中更加尖锐地指出这些专家之所以如此分析，也无非是想让自己因这种深层分析而显得更加认真、严肃，并没有真的依照事实进行分析，因此答案为D)。

13． What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the

Great Depression?

A．The booming defense industry.

B．The wise heads’ benefit package.

C．Nationwide training of workers.

D．Thorough restructuring of industries.

正确答案：A

解析：事实细节题。定位句指出，1935年的一份分析称，失业率是不能迅速降低的，而数年后，大规模的国防建设为经济需求提供了充分的财政刺激，原来被说成是“无法适应、缺乏培训”的工人们就很快得到雇用，失业情况得到了缓解，可见，是国防工业的兴起缓解了失业问题，故答案为A)。

14． What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?

A．Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.

B．Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.

C．Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.

D．Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.

正确答案：A

解析：事实细节题。定位段第一句明确指出，强权势力在意识上就反对政府大规模刺激经济的行动，并接着指出这也是为什么结构性问题被多次复制的原因，故答案为A)。

15． What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.

B．To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.

C．To show the urgent need for the government to take action.

D．To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.

正确答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。文章开头部分即提出，结构性失业并不是对当前失业形势的合理解释，作者随后分析了失业的真正原因和结构性失业这种不合理解释之所以大行其道的原因。作者在文章倒数第二段中特别提到结构性失业的说法源自强势力量对政府刺激经济行动的反对，而在最后一段作者认为，这个时候恰恰是十分需要政府采取行动的，可见，作者写此文有敦促政府采取行动的意图，故答案为C)。

Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing

countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million

acres of cropland, according to a new report—and it may not be a bad thing.

While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed

by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need

affordable food. “ There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both

help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers,” said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led

the study. The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities

supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water

from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack

advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers(下水道).

When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing

disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed.

Nearly 2. 2 million people die each year because of diarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases, according to WHO statistics. More than 80% of those cases can be

attributed to contact with contaminated water and a lack of proper sanitation. But Pay

Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of

using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks. Those

dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free

water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries

to escape poverty. Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly

70% of global fresh water consumption. In poor, dry regions, untreated

wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some

cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to

local rivers. Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the

developing world. But frequently untreated human waste harvested from lavatories is

delivered to farms and spread as fertilizer. In most cases, the human waste is used

on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting

water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over

the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary,

alternative. In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use

can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients. “Overly strict

standards often fail,” James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. “We need to

accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be

used in agriculture for good reason. “

16． What does the author say about the use of raw sewage for farming?

A．Its risks cannot be overestimated.

B．It should be forbidden altogether.

C．Its benefits outweigh the hazards involved.

D．It is polluting millions of acres of cropland.

正确答案：C

解析：细节理解题。定位句指出，发展中国家的一些农民正在使用下水道污水进行农田灌溉，并在下一段明确指出，尽管这种做法是存在风险的，但其经济和社会效益还是超过了风险，故答案为C)。

17． What is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation?

A．Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.

B．It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.

C．Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.

D．It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.

正确答案：C

解析：细节理解题。定位句指出，使用污水进行农业灌溉，会产生健康风险：农民和那些生食未经清洗的农产品的消费者可能会摄入由细菌引发的疾病，故答案为C)。

18． What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel’s attitude towards the use of

untreated human waste in agriculture?

A．Favorable.

B．Skeptical.

C．Indifferent.

D．Responsible.

正确答案：A

解析：观点态度题。定位句明确指出，环境科学家裴伊·德拉塞尔认为，使用未经处理的人类废料所产生的社会经济效益远大于健康风险，可见，他对在农业中使用未经处理的人类废料是支持的，故答案为A)。

19． What does Pay Drechsel think of the risks involved in using untreated

human waste for farming?

A．They have been somewhat exaggerated.

B．They can be dealt with through education.

C．They will be minimized with new technology.

D．They can be addressed by improved sanitation.

正确答案：B

解析：推理判断题。定位句提出，环境科学家裴伊·德拉塞尔说，这些风险可以通过对农民和消费者的教育得到解决，并且还再次强调了从人类废物中获得的免费水源和养料的经济和社会意义，故答案为B)。

20． What do we learn about James Bartram’s position on the use of human

waste for farming?

A．He echoes Pay Drechsel’s opinion on the issue.

B．He challenges Liqa Raschid-Sally’s conclusion.

C．He thinks it the only way out of the current food crisis.

D．He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.

正确答案：A

解析：推理判断题。从定位句看出，世界卫生组织水健康专家吉姆斯·巴特拉姆认为，使用微处理或未处理废料进行农业生产是有充分理由的，因为它是由我们这个星球面临的现实情况决定的，可见，他与之前裴伊·德拉塞尔类似，都是对这件事持肯定态度的；另外，从文章结构考虑，该段为总结段，用于再次强调文章的主旨，故答案为A)。

These days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol

take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a

vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart

of the modern house: what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to

the 21st-century home. The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status.

In America the kitchen market is now worth $ 170 billion, five times the country’s

film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over

one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a “ major” kitchen overhaul

in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazine, was a staggering $54,000: even a “minor”

improvement cost on average $ 18,000. Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of

high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson & Cornish, a British manufacturer of

custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost ￡ 145,000

-155,000—excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is

that nobody else will have it:” You won’t see this kitchen anywhere else in the world.

“ The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants to that of

design showcase for the modern family tells the story of a century of social change.

Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally

located underground, or to the back of the house, and as far from living space as

possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle

classes wanted nothing to do with them. But as the working classes prospered and

the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a matter of interest to the educated

classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was

Catharine Esther Beecher, sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American Woman’s

Home, published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to

household management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman’ work and

promote order. Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back

to another American, Christine Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of

the housewife. Her 1919 work, Household Engineering: Scientific Management in the

Home, was based on detailed observation of a housewife’s daily routine. She

borrowed the principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied it to domestic

tasks on the kitchen floor. Frederick’s central idea, that “stove, sink and kitchen

table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely”,

inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Margarete

Schiitter-Lihotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central

features of today’s kitchen.

21． What does the author say about the kitchen of today?

A．It is where housewives display their cooking skills.

B．It is where the family entertains important guests.

C．It has become something odd in a modern house.

D．It is regarded as the center of a modern home.

正确答案：D

解析：事实细节题。定位句中冒号之前的分句明确指出，厨房已成为现代住宅的核心，其中theheart对应D)中的the center；而冒号之后的分句，利用两个

例子进行对比，进一步强调了厨房的核心地位，故答案为D)。

22． Why does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price?

A．It is believed to have tremendous artistic value.

B．No duplicate is to be found in any other place.

C．It is manufactured by a famous British company.

D．No other manufacturer can produce anything like it.

正确答案：B

解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段第一句可知，英国定制厨具制造商罗宾逊&康尼什公司推出了一套乔治时代风格的厨房，费用在145 000到155 000英镑之间，还不包括修建、安装水管和铺设电线的费用，说明这间乔治时代风格的厨房价格昂贵；第三段第二句继续指出，其一大卖点是独家拥有：“你在世界上其他任何地方都不会再看到这种厨房”，由此推出该厨房价格高的原因是在任何地方都找不到复制品，故答案为B)。

23． What does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect?

A．Improved living conditions.

B．Women’s elevated status.

C．Technological progress.

D．Social change.

正确答案：D

解析：事实细节题。该句指出，这间曾经只属于仆人的房间如今成为现代家庭的设计陈列馆，这其中讲述了百年社会变革的故事，故答案为D)。

24． What was the Beecher sisters’ idea of a kitchen?

A．A place where women could work more efficiently.

B．A place where high technology could be applied.

C．A place of interest to the educated people.

D．A place to experiment with new ideas.

正确答案：A

解析：推理判断题。定位句指出，在1869年出版的《美国妇女家居》一书中，比彻姐妹推荐了一种管理家务的科学方法，其目的是提高女性的工作效率并促进工作秩序。也就是说比彻姐妹关于厨房的想法是：它是女性能够更高效工作的地方，故答案为A)。

25． What do we learn about today’s kitchen?

A．It represents the rapid technological advance in people’s daily life.

B．Many of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s.

C．It has been transformed beyond recognition.

D．Many of its functions have changed greatly.

正确答案：B

解析：推理判断题。定位段指出，弗雷德里克的中心思想催生了20世纪20年代由玛格丽特·舒特．里霍茨基设计的第一个设备齐全的厨房，其中的许多元素仍是当今厨房的核心特色。也就是说当今厨房的许多核心特色与20世纪20年代的厨房并无不同，故答案为B)。

本文标签： 定位厨房失业解析答案