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2023年12月25日发(作者:)
如何避免愚蠢的观点英语作文
如何避免愚蠢的观点英语作文
to avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is
prone, no superhuman genius is required. if the matter is one
that can be settled by observation,make the observation yourself.
many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of
experience. if, like most of mankind, you have passionate
convictions on many such matters,there are ways in which you
can make yourself aware of your own bias. if an opinion contrary
to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are
subconsciously aware of having no good reason for thinking as
you do.
if someone maintains that two and two are five, or that
iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless
you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion
shakes your own contrary conviction. the most savage
controversies are those about matters as to which there is no
good
evidence either way. persecution is used in theology, not in
arithmetic, because in theology there is only opinion. so
wheneveryou find yourself getting angry about a difference of
opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination,
that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants.
a good way of ridding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism
is to become aware of opinions held in social circles different
from your own. if the people and the newspaper seem mad,
perverse, and wicked, remind yourself that you seem so to them.
in this opinion both parties may be right, but they cannot both
be wrong. this reflection should generate a certain caution.
for those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a
good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a
different bias. this has one advantage, and only one, as compared
with actual conversation with opponents; this one advantage is
that the method is not subject to the same limitations of time
and space.
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