OSPF配置（动态路由协议）

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目录

• 1. 配置PSPF
• 2. 配置24位环回路由接口
• 3. 显示 OSPF 进程及区域的细节
• 4. 设置接口的 cost值
• 5. 修改Hello 间隔（秒）
• 6. 修改Dead 间隔（秒）
• 7. 修改带宽
• 8. 修改参考带宽
• 9. 修改接口优先级
• 10. 重新选举 DR
• 11. OSPF 区域内注入一条默认路由
• 12. 查看达到网络 10.10.10.0/24 的 OSPF 开销
• 13. 查看 Serial 0/0/0 接口的带宽
• 14. 验证串行链路的开销
• 15. 配置 OSPF 开销
• 16. 验证是否已修改 Hello 计时器和Dead 计时器
• 17. 验证与 R2 的相邻关系是否已恢复
• 18. 查看是否为DB,BDR

1. 配置PSPF

配置路由器 R1
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 area 0

2. 配置24位环回路由接口

R2(config)#interface loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
//环回接口 OSPF 路由条目的掩码长度都是 32 位，这是环回接口的特性，尽管通告了24 位，解决的办法是在环回接口下修改网络类型为“Point-to-Point”

3. 显示 OSPF 进程及区域的细节

R2#show ip ospf 1

R2#show ip ospf interface s0/0/0

R2#show ip ospf neighbor

R2#show ip ospf database

4. 设置接口的 cost值

R2(config-if)#ip ospf cost
//cost 的计算公式为 10^8/带宽（bps），然后取整，而且是所有链路入口的 cost 之和，环回接口的 cost 为 1

5. 修改Hello 间隔（秒）

ip ospf hello-interval

6. 修改Dead 间隔（秒）

ip ospf dead-interval

7. 修改带宽

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#bandwidth 1000

8. 修改参考带宽

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth

9. 修改接口优先级

R1(config-router)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf priority 1
//优先级（范围为 0-255），优先级最高的被选举成 DR，默认情况下，多路访问网络的接口优先级为 1，点到点网络接口优先级为 0

10. 重新选举 DR

1.重新启动路由器
2.clear ip ospf process

11. OSPF 区域内注入一条默认路由

R1(config-router)#default-information originate

12. 查看达到网络 10.10.10.0/24 的 OSPF 开销

R1#show ip route
<省略部分输出>
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.10.10.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.10.2, 00:16:56, Serial0/0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.16/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 172.16.1.32/29 [110/65] via 192.168.10.6, 00:17:06, Serial0/0/1
192.168.10.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 192.168.10.4 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
O 192.168.10.8 [110/128] via 192.168.10.6, 00:17:06, Serial0/0/1
[110/128] via 192.168.10.2, 00:16:56, Serial0/0/0

13. 查看 Serial 0/0/0 接口的带宽

R1#show interfaces serial0/0/0

Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is HD64570
Internet address is 192.168.10.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load
1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input never, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of “show interface” counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
<省略部分输出>

14. 验证串行链路的开销

R1#show ip ospf interface

<省略部分输出>
Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.10.1/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT-TO-POINT, Cost:
1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT-TO-POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:05
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1 , Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.10.5/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type POINT-TO-POINT, Cost:
1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT-TO-POINT,
<省略部分输出>

15. 配置 OSPF 开销

R3(config)#interface serial0/0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 1562

16. 验证是否已修改 Hello 计时器和Dead 计时器

R2#show ip ospf interface serial0/0/0

Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.10.2/30, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 10.2.2.2, Network Type POINT-TO-POINT, Cost:
1562
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT-TO-POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 5, Dead 20, Wait 20, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:00
Index 3/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1 , Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

17. 验证与 R2 的相邻关系是否已恢复

R1#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address
Interface
10.2.2.2 0 FULL/- 00:00:19 192.168.10.2
Serial0/0/0
10.3.3.3 0 FULL/- 00:00:34 192.168.10.6
Serial0/0/1

18. 查看是否为DB,BDR

R2#show ip ospf interface

FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.1.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 192.168.31.22, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.33, Interface address 192.168.1.3
Backup Designated Router (ID) 192.168.31.22, Interface address
192.168.1.2
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:03
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.1.3 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

本文标签： 路由协议动态OSPF