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以下以下载openssh软件为例
1.ubuntu系统
1).sudo apt install openssh 安装后，软件包默认缓存位置在/var/cache/apt/archives/下
2).只下载openssh包到本地且不安装
sudo apt download openssh
会下载到当前命令执行目录
3).执行下面命令下载openssh包及其依赖包到本地且不安装
sudo apt install -d openssh
会下载到/var/cache/apt/archives/目录下
2.redhat系统
1).yum命令默认不保存rpm包
修改/etc/yum.conf，在最后加入以下两行内容
[root@node03 ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=1
修改完yum安装软件之后保存rpm包位置在/var/cache/yum/下
2).另外yum还可以一键下载openssh包及其依赖到本地不安装，比apt 分开下载openssh和openssh的依赖包两个命令方便一些
yum --downloadonly --downloaddir=./ install openssh
将openssh包及其依赖下载到当前目录，./表示当前目录
[root@localhost 桌面]# yum --downloadonly --downloaddir=./ install openssh
Last metadata expiration check: 1:10:02 ago on 2021年12月23日 星期四 15时19分11秒.
Package openssh-7.8.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
openssh-server x86_64 8.2 redhat 335 k
Upgrading:
openssh x86_64 8.2 redhat 252 k
Installing dependencies:
openssh-clients x86_64 8.2 redhat 508 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 2 Packages
Upgrade 1 Package
Total download size: 1.1 M
YUM will only download packages for the transaction.
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): openssh-8.2.x86_64.rpm 479 kB/s | 252 kB 00:00
(2/3): openssh-server-8.2.x86_64.r 539 kB/s | 335 kB 00:00
(3/3): openssh-clients-8.2.x86_64. 617 kB/s | 508 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.3 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00
Complete!
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'yum clean packages'.
下载之后出现在当前目录
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