外国文学重要名词解释

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2024年7月20日发(作者：)

外国文学重要名词解释

1. Unrealiable narrator (不可靠叙述者): A character within a

novel who tells the story from their own perspective, but whose

credibility and reliability may be questionable. The unreliable

narrator often provides a distorted or biased account of events,

leading the reader to question the accuracy and truthfulness of the

narrative.

2. Stream of consciousness (意识流): A narrative technique used

in literature to portray the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings,

and sensory perceptions experienced by a character. This technique

aims to replicate the inner workings of a character's mind, creating

a fragmented and non-linear narrative that reflects the character's

thought process and emotional state.

3. Existentialism (存在主义): A philosophical and literary

movement that emerged in the 20th century, primarily in Europe.

Existentialist literature explores the themes of individual freedom,

choice, and the search for meaning in a seemingly meaningless

world. It often focuses on the experience of human existence and

the anxiety and despair that arise from confronting the absurdity of

life.

4. Dystopia (反乌托邦): A genre of literature that portrays a

fictional society or world characterized by extreme oppression,

suffering, and/or totalitarian control. Dystopian literature often

serves as a cautionary tale, warning readers about the potential

dangers of social and political conformity, totalitarianism, and the

loss of individual freedom.

5. Bildungsroman (成长小说): A type of novel that focuses on the

moral, psychological, and intellectual development of the

protagonist from childhood to adulthood. Bildungsroman novels

often depict the protagonist's coming-of-age journey, exploring

themes such as self-discovery, identity formation, and the

individual's struggle to find their place in the world.

6. Magical realism (魔幻现实主义): A literary genre that

combines realistic narrative elements with fantastical or magical

elements. Magical realism often blurs the line between reality and

imagination, allowing magical or supernatural elements to coexist

with the ordinary and everyday. This genre is often associated with

Latin American literature, particularly the work of authors such as

Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Isabel Allende.

7. Modernism (现代主义): An artistic and literary movement that

emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to

the rapidly changing social, cultural, and technological landscape.

Modernist literature often challenges traditional narrative

structures and conventions, experimenting with new forms, styles,

and techniques. It explores themes such as alienation,

fragmentation, and the loss of meaning in the modern world.

8. Postmodernism (后现代主义): A cultural and intellectual

movement that emerged in the mid-20th century. Postmodern

literature often rejects the notion of a single, objective truth and

instead embraces pluralism, ambiguity, and the blurring of

boundaries between different genres, styles, and modes of

representation. It often incorporates self-referentiality,

intertextuality, and irony in its narrative structures.

9. Symbolism (象征主义): A literary movement that originated in

the late 19th century and emphasizes the use of symbols to

represent abstract ideas, emotions, or concepts. Symbolist literature

often employs vivid imagery and relies on suggestive and indirect

language to convey deeper meanings and evoke emotional

responses from the reader.

10. Postcolonialism (后殖民主义): A theoretical framework and

literary movement that emerged in the 20th century as a response

to the legacy of colonialism. Postcolonial literature explores the

experiences of colonized peoples, their struggles for identity and

independence, and the social, political, and cultural effects of

colonization. It often examines issues of race, power, identity, and

the intersection between different cultures.

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