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2023年12月25日发(作者：)
As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States
adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law
made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature.
The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our
common-law system. Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American
legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United
States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a
fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many
countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group
of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people
from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used
in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have
committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury. The
judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case.
In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge；in others，they are
questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
1
二、英国车速监控系统
The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country‘s
speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the
__1__could become a poll tax on wheels’，__2__huge number of drivers. There could
be many more incidents of vandalism __3__ warnings came__4__a Daily
Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were
either__5__to expansion plans or considering __6__. Nationwide，the number of
speeding tickets is expected to treble，__7__ 90 million a year.__8__the scheme，police keep some of the cash from fines to __9__the costs of fitting and maintaining
extra cameras and__10__that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go
to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed__11__at making
roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and
deaths and serious injuries by __12__a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras
will be sited on relatively safe__13__fast stretches to catch as many drivers as
possible. Some forces are also expected to__14__the“threshold”speeds at which
cameras are__15__to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit，and 26
mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers
instead of concentrating on the road，and __16__to more accidents. Sue Nicholson，head of campaigns at the RAC，said，“We don‘t have a problem with speed cameras
__17__. But we do have concerns about__18__they are sited. Police risk losing
credibility __19__motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising __20__safety
devices.”
1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments
2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching
3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over
4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where
5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed
6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect
7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting
8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With
9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil
10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring
11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely
12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to
13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while
14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix
15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered
16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort
17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such
18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which
19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for
20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of
2
三、大众媒体
The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser
and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by
acting as a（an）__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it__2__ a variety of functions in human life. The time spent in front of the television
screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and
rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see
but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been
concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and
adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media __8__，such as
video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain
popularity，these media，__9__television，__10__public concern and research
attention. Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the
media，is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or
negatively.__13__one，societal and cultural norms and mass media
marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images
of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers，__16__from our televisions and
entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media__18__on
accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are
presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness，a（n）__20__that carries
unrealistic physical expectations.
1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative
2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices
3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense
4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted
5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate
6. [A] abundance [B] incidence [C] prevalence [D] reccurrence
7. [A] disposed [B] hidden [C] implicit [D] potential
8. [A] merged [B] emerged [C] immerged [D] submerged
9. [A] apart from [B] much as [C] but for [D] along with
10. [A] promote [B] propel [C] prompt [D] prosper
11. [A] inspired [B] imposed [C] delivered [D] contributed
12. [A] External [B] Exterior [C] Explicit [D] Exposed
13. [A] As [B] At [C] For [D] In
14. [A] mark [B] effect [C] impact [D] shock
15. [A] generalized [B] regularized [C] standardized[D] categorized
16. [A] boom [B] bottom [C] brim [D] beam
17. [A] over [B] with [C] on [D] at
18. [A] play [B] take [C] profit [D] resort
19. [A] barely [B] carefully [C] narrowly [D] subjectively
20. [A] ideal [B] image [C] stereotype [D] criterion
3
四、英国的饮食与健康
A recent parliamentary report blames the government and the food industry for
the growth in obesity. The Department of Transport is blamed for not doing enough
to__1__facilities for pedestrians and cyclists while__2__ to pressure from motoring
organizations representing car users. The Ministry of Education is__3__of selling off
school playing fields and not doing enough to__4__adequate facilities for physical
education and games. Young people in Britain have become crazy about football（soccer and rugby），but too often as__5__“couch potatoes”。
The food industry is blamed for promoting junk food to school children and not
doing enough to__6__down on sugar，fats and salt in prepared foods. The industry，__7__by the current popularity of the Atkins low-carbohydrate diet，has begun to
__8__，but it is trying to protect a huge market and will need to do__9__more if it is
to__10__off increased regulation. Japan seems less__11__so far by the problem of
obesity，__12__ as the Japanese diet becomes increasingly__13__（burgers and
doughnuts）the problem will grow. __14__，Japanese cuisine has become highly
popular in Britain. It is seen as healthy in a different way from the Mediterranean
diet__15__its emphasis on tomatoes and olive oil combined with red wine. A fairly
small amount of red wine is now__16__as beneficial to the heart，__17__its other
encouraging properties. But Britain has to do more to__18__the problems of
alcoholism__19__with the binge-drinking culture—including violence and vandalism.
Limited consumption of alcohol，as long as it is not__20__with driving，is harmless
and possibly beneficial.
1. [A] stimulate [B] commend [C] promote [D] elevate
2. [A] submitting [B] subjecting [C] subordinating [D] surrendering
3. [A] charged [B] denounced [C] scolded [D] accused
4. [A] assure [B] ensure [C] secure [D] guard
5. [A] speculating [B] spectating [C] specializing [D] sightseeing
6. [A] fall [B] get [C] cut [D] bring
7. [A] stung [B] bitten [C] chewed [D] licked
8. [A] retort [B] refute [C] respond [D] resolve
9. [A] abundantly [B] considerably [C] extensively [D] principally
10. [A] defend [B] beat [C] hold [D] ward
11. [A] upset [B] affected [C] effected [D] impressed
12. [A] or [B] for [C] but [D] if
13. [A] popularized [B] globalized [C] westernized [D] localized
14. [A] Accordingly[B] Interestingly [C] Surprisingly [D] Strikingly
15. [A] as [B] on [C] but [D] with
16. [A] accepted [B] approved [C] assumed [D] acknowledged
17. [A] but for [B] let alone [C] regardless of [D] much less
18. [A] cope [B] challenge [C] tackle [D] undertake
19. [A] matched [B] related [C] united [D] associated
20. [A] bonded [B] combined [C] merged [D] incorporated
4
五、失眠
Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are
using__1__ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of
Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or __3__an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad
idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__. Almost a third of adults have
trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have__6__ of daytime impairment that signal
true insomnia. But __7__the complaints，scientists know surprisingly little about what
causes chronic insomnia，its health consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of
specialists __8__together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday.
The panel called__9__a broad range of research into insomnia，__10__that if
scientists understood its __11__causes，they could develop better treatments. Most，but not all，insomnia is thought to __12__other health problems，from arthritis and
depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia
came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping
in__13__complicates those other problems. Other diseases __14__，the risk of
insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more __15__among women，especially
after their 50s. Smoking，caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep. The
NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some__17__to specific disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that
control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before
deciding what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia.
1. [A] unproven [B] unknown [C] improper [D] imperative
2. [A] fall [B] lie [C] seem [D] become
3. [A] prescribe [B] pop [C] abuse [D] experiment
4. [A] And [B] Though [C] Thus [D] But
5. [A] peculiar [B] anonymous [C] mysterious [D] unexpected
6. [A] signals [B] symptoms [C] signs [D] symbols
7. [A] in addition to[B] except for [C] owing to [D] for all
8. [A] pulled [B] collected [C] brought [D] drawn
9. [A] on [B] for [C] up [D] in
10. [A] noting [B] notifying [C] nosing [D] nominating
11. [A] undertaking[B] underlining [C] underlying [D] undermining
12. [A] cause [B] accompany [C] follow [D] attend
13. [A] short [B] case [C] essence [D] turn
14. [A] inside [B] outside [C] aside [D] besides
15. [A] common [B] popular [C] frequent [D] regular
16. [A] conscription[B] description [C] subscription[D] prescription
17. [A] aimed [B] targeted [C] designated [D] designed
18. [A] examining [B] inspecting [C] verifying [D] assessing
19. [A] conducting [B] awaiting [C] receiving [D] considering
20. [A] assigned [B] charged [C] directed [D] attended
5
六、听的行为
A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that
communication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of the
prime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a（an）__3__ in point，one
parent believed that her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that
she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested
both ears and reported back to the parent：“There‘s nothing wrong with her hearing.
She’s just __6__you out.”
A leading cause of the __7__divorce rate（more than half of all marriages end in
divorce）is the failure of husbands and wives to __8__effectively. They don‘t listen to
each other. Neither person__9__to the actual message sent by the other. In
__10__fashion，political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that
their elected and __11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are
supposedly __13__. Why？Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In
fact，it seems that sometimes our politicians don‘t even listen to themselves. The
following is a true story：At a national__14__conference held in Albuquerque some
years ago，then Senator Joseph Montoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a
press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he
rose to speak，__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience，Montoya began reading the press release，not his speech. He began，“For immediate
release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya，Democrat of New Mexico，last night told the
National……”Montoya read the entire six-page release，__19__ with the statement
that he“was repeatedly __20__by applause.”
1.[A] scarce [B] little [C] rare [D] poor
2.[A] malignant [B] deficient [C] ineffective [D] feeble
3.[A] case [B] example [C] lesson [D] suggestion
4.[A] audio [B] aural [C] hearing [D] listening
5.[A] believing [B] convinced [C] assured [D] doubtless
6.[A] turning [B] tuning [C] tucking [D] tugging
7.[A] rising [B] arising [C] raising [D] arousing
8.[A] exchange [B] interchange [C] encounter [D] interact
9.[A] relates [B] refers [C] responds [D] resorts
10.[A] like [B] alike [C] likely [D] likewise
11.[A] nominated [B] selected [C] appointed [D] supported
12.[A] connection [B] reach [C] association [D] touch
13.[A] leading [B] representing [C]delegating [D] supporting
14.[A] legislative [B] legitimate [C] legalized [D] liberal
15.[A] distributed [B] awarded [C] handed [D] submitted
16.[A] present [B] publish [C] deliver [D] pursue
17.[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on
18.[A] joy [B] enjoyment [C] amusement [D] delight
19.[A] conclude [B] to conclude [C] concluding [D] concluded
20.[A] disrupted [B] interfered [C] interrupted [D] stopped
6
七、日本铁路车站的经济计划
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six
companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry
lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train
stations__2__is drawing interest. In a plan called“Station Renaissance”that it__3__in
November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and
restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants
train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and
groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on
trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers
extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its
station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the
delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce
__14__cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit
for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic
ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company
money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems.
Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
7
八、老龄化
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD（Organization of Economic
Co-operation and Development）countries，in particular，how to pay for future public
pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing.
There is no easy solution，but__2__retirement could help. Early retirement may seem
like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially__3__one，and makes the present
public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more
people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on
the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50
years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this
old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to
rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight
percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there
is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt
they__11__for. Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__（and
cost）of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions
within the system，though necessary steps，may be__15__to deal with the dependency
challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher
unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay
in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and
jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps
the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue
2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering
3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive
4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial
5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding
6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset
7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising
8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for
9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant
10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It
11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay
12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus
13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity
14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply
15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic
16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding
17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies
18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at
19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate
20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality
8
九、罗马人的建国
The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about
the state. The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints1 the construction of
idea__l__ states，such as__2__ to the Greeks. With very few exceptions，Roman
theorists ignored，or rejected__3__ valueless，intellectual exercises like Plato‘s
Republic，in__4__ the relationship of the individual to the state was__5__ out
painstakingly without reference to__6__ states or individuals. The closest the Roman
came to the Greek model was Cicero’s De Re Publica，and even here Cicero had
Rome clearly in __7__. Roman thought about the state was concrete，even when
it__8__ religious and moral concepts. The first ruler of Rome，Romulus，was__9__ to
have received authority from the gods，specifically from Jupiter，the“guarantor”of
Rome. All constitutional__10__was a method of conferring and administering
the__11__. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the__12__，the
family heads who formed the original senate，__13__the religious character necessary
to exercise authority，because its original function was to__14__the gods. Being
practical as well as exclusive，the senators moved__15__to divide the authority，holding that their consuls，or chief officials，would possess it on__16__months，and
later extending its possession to lower officials.__17__the important achievement was
to create the idea of continuing__18__authority embodied only temporarily in certain
upper-class individuals and conferred only__19__the mass of the people concurred.
The system grew with enormous __20__，as new offices and assemblies were created
and almost none discarded.
1.[A] with [B] for [C] in [D] to
2. [A] tempted [B] attracted [C] appealed [D] transferred
3. [A] on [B] for [C] as [D] about
4. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] it
5. [A] turned [B] worked [C] brought [D] made
6. [A] special [B] specific [C] peculiar [D] particular
7. [A] existence [B] store [C] reality [D] mind
8. [A] abandoned [B] caught [C] separated [D] involved
9. [A] told [B] held [C] suggested [D] advised
10. [A] tendency [B] procedure [C] development [D] relation
11. [A] authority [B] power [C] control [D] ruling
12. [A] officers [B] men [C] administrators [D] fathers
13. [A] possessed [B] claimed [C] assured [D] enforced
14. [A] confirm [B] confer [C] consult [D] consider
15. [A] over [B] along [C] on [D] about
16. [A] alternate [B] different [C] varied [D] several
17. [A] And [B] So [C] Or [D] But
18. [A] state [B] country [C] people [D] national
19. [A] as [B] when [C] if [D] so
20. [A] dimension [B] complexity [C] exercise [D] function
9
十、苏美尔人
All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common，including the sky
god，the lord of storms，and the morning and evening star.__1__the Sumerian
worshipped the goddess of fertility，love，and war，she was evidently
lower__2__status than the male gods，indicating that in a more urbanized society
the__3__that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess
had__4__. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and __5__，and one‘s life a period of
slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that__6__were
created to enable the gods to__7__ up working. Each city moreover had its own god，who was considered to__8__ the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of
all property within the city.__9__the priests who interpreted the will of the god and
controlled the__10__ of the economic produce of the city were favored__11__ their
supernatural and material functions __12__. When，after 3，000 B. C.，growing
warfare among the cities made military leadership__13__，the head of the army who
became king assumed a（n）__14__position between the god，whose agent he was，and the priestly class，whom he had both to use and to __15__. Thus king and priests
represented the upper class in a hierarchical society.__16__them were the scribes，the
secular attendants of the temple，who__17__every aspect of the city’s economic life
and who developed a rough judicial system.__18__the temple officials，society was
divided among an elite or__19__ group of large landowners and military leaders；a
mixed group of merchants，artisans，and craftsmen，free peasants who__20__ the
majority of the population；and slaves.
1. [A] Unless [B] As [C] Lest [D] Although
3. [A] worship [B] reverence [C] admiration [D] gratitude
4. [A] vanished [B] recovered [C] declined [D] attained
5. [A] unpredictable[B] unforgivable[C] unlimited [D] unlikely
6. [A] creatures [B] animals [C] men [D] mortals
7. [A] use [B] turn [C] give [D] back
8. [A] inhabit [B] live [C] reside [D] lodge
9. [A] Hence [B] Thereafter [C] Somehow [D] Incidentally
10. [A] introduction[B] transaction [C] distribution[D] provision
11. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] of
12. [A] along [B] anyway [C] afterwards [D] alike
13. [A] additional [B] vital [C] singular [D] exceptional
14. [A] alternative [B] secondary [C] intermediate[D] fundamental
15. [A] pacify [B] tempt [C] suppress [D] manipulate
16. [A] Beside [B] Beyond [C] Below [D] Before
17. [A] supervised [B] held [C] managed [D] presided
18. [A] Around [B] Under [C] Above [D] Outside
19. [A] leading [B] noble [C] controlling [D] principal
20. [A] consist [B] compose [C] compile [D] consume
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十一、情人节的来历
Valentine‘s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__
the fierce wolves roamed nearby，the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to
help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the
festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each
young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for
the year. Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman
priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to
marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home
than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young
couples，he was put to death on February 14th，the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his
death，Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th
to the 14th—Valentine‘s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.
Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern
world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover‘s heart may still be used to
__18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts，such as
flowers or jewelry，to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on
Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding
anniversary.
1.[A] While [B] When [C] Though [D] Unless
2.[A] upon [B] back [C] off [D] away
3.[A] honor [B] belief [C] hand [D] way
4.[A] problems [B] secrets [C] names [D] intentions
5.[A] rolls [B] piles [C] works [D] slips
6.[A] cast [B] caught [C] drew [D] found
7.[A] given [B] chosen [C] elected [D] delivered
8.[A] tells [B] means [C] makes [D] has
9.[A] after [B] since [C] as [D] from
10.[A] ordered [B] pleaded [C] envisioned [D] believed
11.[A] other [B] simply [C] rather [D] all
12.[A] disliked [B] defied [C] defeated [D] dishonored
13.[A] celebration [B] arrangement [C] feast [D] eve
14.[A] goat [B] saint [C] model [D] weapon
15.[A] because [B] made [C] instead [D] learnt
16.[A] part [B] representative[C] judgement [D] symbol
17.[A] story [B] wander [C] arrow [D] play
18.[A] portray [B] require [C] demand [D] alert
19.[A] Keeping [B] Disapproving[C] Supporting [D] Forgetting
20.[A] constructive [B] damaging [C] reinforcing [D] retorting
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十二、冰雪路面驾车的经历
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most
nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The
horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One
minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going
to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy
__10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their
engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the
wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there
is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you
move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply
would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there
is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the
sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
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