问题描述
我一直在试图弄清楚如何使用 python-requests
发送一个请求,网址如下所示:
http://example/api/add.json?name='hello'&data[]='hello'&data[]='world'
通常我可以构建字典并执行以下操作:
data = {'name': 'hello', 'data': 'world'}response = requests.get('http://example/api/add.json', params=data)
这对我所做的大多数事情都很好.但是,我从上面点击了 url 结构,我不知道如何在没有手动构建字符串的情况下在 python 中做到这一点.我可以这样做,但我宁愿不这样做.
请求库中是否有我遗漏的内容或一些我不知道的 Python 功能?
另外,你甚至称这种类型的参数是什么,以便我可以更好地谷歌它?
解决方案你所做的只是正确的.结果 url 与您期望的相同.
<预><代码>>>>有效载荷 = {'名称':'你好','数据':'你好'}>>>r = requests.get("http://example/api/params", params=payload)你可以看到结果网址:
<预><代码>>>>打印(r.url)http://example/api/params?name=hello&data=hello根据网址格式:
特别是,对查询字符串进行编码使用以下规则:
字母(A–Z 和 a–z)、数字 (0–9) 和字符.
、-
、~
和_
保持原样SPACE 编码为 +
或 %20
所有其他字符都编码为 %HH 十六进制表示,任何非 ASCII 字符首先编码为 UTF-8(或其他指定的编码)所以array[]
不会像预期的那样,会根据规则自动替换:
如果你建立一个像这样的网址:
`构建网址:http://example/api/add.json?name='hello'&data[]='hello'&data[]='world'`
输出将是:
<预><代码>>>>payload = {'name': 'hello', "data[]": 'hello','data[]':'world'}>>>r = requests.get("http://example/api/params", params=payload)>>>网址u'http://example/api/params?data%5B%5D=world&name=hello'这是因为重复将被 url 中键的最后一个值替换,而 data[]
将被 data%5B%5D
替换.
如果 data%5B%5D
不是问题(如果服务器能够正确解析),那么你可以继续.
源链接
I have been trying to figure out how to use python-requests
to send a request that the url looks like:
http://example/api/add.json?name='hello'&data[]='hello'&data[]='world'
Normally I can build a dictionary and do:
data = {'name': 'hello', 'data': 'world'}
response = requests.get('http://example/api/add.json', params=data)
That works fine for most everything that I do. However, I have hit the url structure from above, and I am not sure how to do that in python without manually building strings. I can do that, but would rather not.
Is there something in the requests library I am missing or some python feature I am unaware of?
Also what do you even call that type of parameter so I can better google it?
解决方案What u are doing is correct only. The resultant url is same what u are expecting.
>>> payload = {'name': 'hello', 'data': 'hello'}
>>> r = requests.get("http://example/api/params", params=payload)
u can see the resultant url:
>>> print(r.url)
http://example/api/params?name=hello&data=hello
According to url format:
In particular, encoding the query string uses the following rules:
Letters (A–Z and a–z), numbers (0–9) and the characters.
,-
,~
and _
are left as-is
SPACE is encoded as +
or %20
All other characters are encoded as %HH hex representation with any non-ASCII characters first encoded as UTF-8 (or other specified encoding)
So array[]
will not be as expected and will be automatically replaced according to the rules:
If you build a url like :
`Build URL: http://example/api/add.json?name='hello'&data[]='hello'&data[]='world'`
OutPut will be:
>>> payload = {'name': 'hello', "data[]": 'hello','data[]':'world'}
>>> r = requests.get("http://example/api/params", params=payload)
>>> r.url
u'http://example/api/params?data%5B%5D=world&name=hello'
This is because Duplication will be replaced by the last value of the key in url and data[]
will be replaced by data%5B%5D
.
If data%5B%5D
is not the problem(If server is able to parse it correctly),then u can go ahead with it.
Source Link
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