遍历 FTP 列表

问题描述

我正在尝试从 FTP 服务器获取所有目录的名称，并将它们以分层顺序存储在多维列表或字典中

I am trying to to get all directories' name from an FTP server and store them in hierarchical order in a multidimensional list or dict

例如，一个包含以下结构的服务器:

So for example, a server that contains the following structure:

/www/ mysite images png jpg

在脚本的末尾，会给我一个列表，例如

at the end of the script, would give me a list such as

['/www/' ['mysite' ['images' ['png'], ['jpg'] ] ]]

我尝试过使用这样的递归函数:def 遍历(目录):FTP.dir(目录，遍历)

I have tried using a recursive function like so:def traverse(dir): FTP.dir(dir, traverse)

FTP.dir 以这种格式返回行:

FTP.dir returns lines in this format:

drwxr-xr-x 5 leavesc1 leavesc1 4096 Nov 29 20:52 mysite

这样做 line[56:] 只会给我目录名称(mysite).我在递归函数中使用它.

so doing line[56:] will give me just the directory name(mysite). I use this in the recursive function.

但我无法让它工作.我尝试了许多不同的方法，但无法让它发挥作用.还有很多 FTP 错误(找不到目录 - 这是一个逻辑问题，有时服务器返回意外错误，没有留下日志，我无法调试)

But i cannot get it to work. I've tried many different approaches and can't get it to work. Lots of FTP errors as well (either can't find the directory - which is a logical issue, and sometimes unexpected errors returned by the server, which leaves no log and i can't debug)

底线问题:如何从 FTP 服务器获取分层目录列表?

bottom line question:How to get a hierarchical directory listing from an FTP server?

推荐答案

这是一个幼稚而缓慢的实现.它很慢，因为它尝试对每个目录条目进行 CWD 以确定它是目录还是文件，但这有效.可以通过解析 LIST 命令输出来优化它，但这很大程度上依赖于服务器实现.

Here is a naive and slow implementation. It is slow because it tries to CWD to each directory entry to determine if it is a directory or a file, but this works. One could optimize it by parsing LIST command output, but this is strongly server-implementation dependent.

import ftplibdef traverse(ftp, depth=0): """ return a recursive listing of an ftp server contents (starting from the current directory) listing is returned as a recursive dictionary, where each key contains a contents of the subdirectory or None if it corresponds to a file. @param ftp: ftplib.FTP object """ if depth > 10: return ['depth > 10'] level = {} for entry in (path for path in ftp.nlst() if path not in ('.', '..')): try: ftp.cwd(entry) level[entry] = traverse(ftp, depth+1) ftp.cwd('..') except ftplib.error_perm: level[entry] = None return leveldef main(): ftp = ftplib.FTP("localhost") ftp.connect() ftp.login() ftp.set_pasv(True) print traverse(ftp)if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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