DevOps

编程入门行业动态更新时间:2024-10-11 01:09:44

DevOps

DevOps-GitHub/GitLab

GitHub是一个开源代码托管平台。基于web的Git仓库，提供共有仓库和私有仓库（私有仓库收费）。

GitLab可以创建免费私有仓库。

GitHub

为了快速操作，这里对创建仓库以及注册不做说明。

首先再GitHub上创建一个远程仓库github_test

使用GitHub远程仓库

在github上获取克隆地址(注意，这个地址是你仓库的地址,不是我的地址)
```
.git
```

克隆项目到本地linux，默认克隆到当前目录（如果出现无法连接github的情况，可以在查找方法，一般在/etc/hosts文件下配置DNS，刷新即可）


[root@workstation ~]# git clone .git
Cloning into 'github_test'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.[root@workstation ~]# cd github_test/
[root@workstation github_test]# ls
README.md
[root@workstation github_test]# cat README.md
# github_test
GitHub测试

提交代码文件


[root@workstation github_test]# vi hello.py
[root@workstation github_test]# cat hello.py
print("hello,github")
[root@workstation github_test]# git add hello.py
[root@workstation github_test]# git commit -m "提交hello.py"
[main 9408d5c] 提交hello.py1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)create mode 100644 hello.py

使用git push推送到github

[root@workstation github_test]# git push -u origin main
Counting objects: 4, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 308 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: To git@github:rkun0068/github_test.git253eb95..a5196f7  main -> main
Branch main set up to track remote branch main from origin.

设置免密

本地尝试空密码密钥对
本地保留私钥，公钥给对方
实现本地到远程免密


[root@workstation ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -C "root@workstation"  -N ""
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:ic2UQovuX1DlWRLaY4yWM9+L1UKIeHa4mCHZXMBV65M root@workstation
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|     .ooo.=..    |
|     *.+ % *     |
|    + B / @ .    |
|   . . # X = .   |
|    . = S E + .  |
|   .   .   + o   |
|    .   . . .    |
|     . .         |
|      .          |
+----[SHA256]-----+  [root@workstation ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub


ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCq/MCM/q8ipB4lsmOSzve25/pPr+FjdxnMM857/cwdqtttcJLID7vnzsgxo/W/bZXg+3h0r4P+VjLR3QLdR2XI/TSEvHdHQxB6Pi8lzbDYaUqTi14RrP5fJIC48pJwArBVMWNGQireXjynQ4Urgy7YJIwQNi1SgFxxrOpxk8PuKCo/ZmKKdS37mJA/rGmMV0xMvqKWgOAm0hrnXKpX1f7YRUeRJfGpN6o73stExbSEd4kas+LAnu++UQ/PNBo+s15Uw9Sm70Vr7mJ9pjLa0swtE6GrX2CbgnOcYg7LS7ngQbeS3KEB+dk7j/j5q0y8o+x6lbIhWWGlOFPGadxADPtF root@workstation

将密钥添加到GitHub设置里的SSH KEYS里

GitLab

下载地址

安装与配置


[root@workstation ~]# rpm -ivh gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm


[root@workstation ~]# vi /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb[root@workstation ~]# cat  /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb | grep 'external_url'
##! For more details on configuring external_url see:
external_url 'http://192.168.182.130'
# registry_external_url ''
# pages_external_url "/"
# mattermost_external_url ''#修改成gitlab服务器IP地址，对外服务大约在13行

初始化(时间较久，需要3分钟左右，会自动帮助配置各个组件，并启动)

gitlab-ctl reconfigure

查看状态


[root@workstation ~]# gitlab-ctl status
run: gitaly: (pid 9745) 65s; run: log: (pid 9109) 171s
run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 9781) 63s; run: log: (pid 9445) 136s
run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 9759) 64s; run: log: (pid 9215) 165s
run: logrotate: (pid 9320) 153s; run: log: (pid 9319) 153s
run: nginx: (pid 9274) 159s; run: log: (pid 9273) 159s
run: node-exporter: (pid 9395) 142s; run: log: (pid 9394) 142s
run: postgres-exporter: (pid 9837) 62s; run: log: (pid 9600) 113s
run: postgresql: (pid 8774) 231s; run: log: (pid 8773) 231s
run: prometheus: (pid 9824) 62s; run: log: (pid 9544) 124s
run: redis: (pid 8651) 237s; run: log: (pid 8650) 237s
run: redis-exporter: (pid 9494) 130s; run: log: (pid 9493) 130s
run: sidekiq: (pid 9048) 178s; run: log: (pid 9047) 178s
run: unicorn: (pid 8980) 184s; run: log: (pid 8979) 184s

GitLab设置

账号注册时，邮箱验证
有合并请求，邮箱通知
修改密码时，通过邮件修改

开发者设置SSH密钥

在开发者电脑设置空密码密钥(你可以使用上文中的，也可以创建新密钥)
```
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -C "root@workstation"  -N ""
```

查看密钥

[root@workstation ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCq/MCM/q8ipB4lsmOSzve25/pPr+FjdxnMM857/cwdqtttcJLID7vnzsgxo/W/bZXg+3h0r4P+VjLR3QLdR2XI/TSEvHdHQxB6Pi8lzbDYaUqTi14RrP5fJIC48pJwArBVMWNGQireXjynQ4Urgy7YJIwQNi1SgFxxrOpxk8PuKCo/ZmKKdS37mJA/rGmMV0xMvqKWgOAm0hrnXKpX1f7YRUeRJfGpN6o73stExbSEd4kas+LAnu++UQ/PNBo+s15Uw9Sm70Vr7mJ9pjLa0swtE6GrX2CbgnOcYg7LS7ngQbeS3KEB+dk7j/j5q0y8o+x6lbIhWWGlOFPGadxADPtF root@workstation

将密钥粘贴

GitLab创建仓库

GitLab创建仓库（代码存放处）
自定义项目

克隆远程仓库到本地

查看gitlab上帮助

开发者电脑设置身份标识


[root@workstation ~]# git config --global user.name "rkun18"
[root@workstation ~]# git config --global user.email "rkun18@outlook"
[root@workstation ~]# git clone git@192.168.182.130:root/gitlab_test.git

开发者电脑使用git命令clone，并上传项目

[root@workstation ~]# cd gitlab_test/
[root@workstation gitlab_test]# echo "gitlab_test" > README.md
[root@workstation gitlab_test]# git add .
[root@workstation gitlab_test]# git commit -m "add README.md"
[master (root-commit) eaf506f] add README.md1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)create mode 100644 README.md
[root@workstation gitlab_test]# git branch
* master
[root@workstation gitlab_test]# git push -u origin master
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 224 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@192.168.182.130:root/gitlab_test.git* [new branch]      master -> master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.