首页 > 编程入门 文章详情

STM32—项目四（LCD屏显示温湿度）

编程入门 行业动态 更新时间:2024-10-06 01:35:10

STM32—项目四（LCD屏显示<a href=https://www.elefans.com/category/jswz/34/1763887.html style=温湿度）"/>

STM32—项目四（LCD屏显示温湿度）

目录

一、LCD1602液晶显示屏

1.说明

2.例子（LDC显示字符）

二、DHT11温湿度传感器

三、实验（LCD屏显示温湿度）

1.接线

2.配置

3.main.c代码

一、LCD1602液晶显示屏

1.说明

        1.引脚接口说明

第 1 脚: VSS 为电源地

第 2 脚: VDD 接 5V 正电源

第 3 脚: VL 为液晶显示器对比度调整端,接正电源时对比度最弱，接地时对比度最高，对比度 过高时会产生“鬼影”，使用时可以通过一个 10K 的电位器调整对比度。

第 4 脚：RS 为寄存器选择，高电平时选择数据寄存器、低电平时选择指令寄存器。

第 5 脚：R/W 为读写信号线，高电平时进行读操作，低电平时进行写操作。

                当 RS 和 R/W 共 同为低电平时可以写入指令或者显示地址，

                当 RS 为低电平 R/W 为高电平时可以读忙信号，

                当 RS 为高电平 R/W 为低电平时可以写入数据。

第 6 脚：E 端为使能端，当 E 端由高电平跳变成低电平时，液晶模块执行命令。

第 7-14 脚：D0～D7 为 8 位双向数据线。

第 15 脚：背光源正极。

第 16 脚：背光源负极。

        2.模块控制指令

         3.在什么位置显示

         例如：第二行第一个字符的地址是 40H，那么是否直接写入 40H 就可以将光标定位在第二行第 一个字符的位置呢？这样不行，因为写入显示地址时要求最高位 D7 恒定为高电平 1 所以实 际写入的数据应该是 01000000B(40H) +10000000B(80H)=11000000B(C0H)。

         4.显示什么（Ascll码表）

        5.读操作时序

        6.写操作时序

2.例子（LDC显示字符）

        1.接线

        D0~D7->A0~A7        RS -> B1         RW -> B2         EN -> B10        V0 ->GND

        BLA ->VCC        BLK->GND

        2.配置

              1.SYS

        2.RCC

         3.GPIO

        3.main.c代码（显示jiayou）

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *///宏定义 为了更加简便
#define RS_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define RW_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define EN_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define RS_Pin GPIO_PIN_1
#define RW_Pin GPIO_PIN_10
#define EN_Pin GPIO_PIN_0#define RS_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RS_GPIO_Port, RS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//RS拉高
#define RS_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RS_GPIO_Port, RS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define RW_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RW_GPIO_Port, RW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//RW拉高
#define RW_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RW_GPIO_Port, RW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define EN_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(EN_GPIO_Port, EN_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//EN拉高
#define EN_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(EN_GPIO_Port, EN_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)void Write_Cmd_Func(uint8_t cmd)//写命令
{RS_LOW;RW_LOW;EN_LOW;GPIOA->ODR = cmd;//cmd的数据按位输出给A口HAL_Delay(5);//5msEN_HIGH;HAL_Delay(5);EN_LOW;
}void Write_Data_Func(uint8_t dataShow)//写数据
{RS_HIGH;RW_LOW;EN_LOW;GPIOA->ODR = dataShow;HAL_Delay(5);EN_HIGH;HAL_Delay(5);EN_LOW;
}void LCD1602_INIT(void)//初始化
{//（1）延时 15msHAL_Delay(15);//（2）写指令 38H(不检测忙信号)Write_Cmd_Func(0x38);//（3）延时 5msHAL_Delay(5);//（4）以后每次写指令，读/写数据操作均需要检测忙信号//（5）写指令 38H：显示模式设置Write_Cmd_Func(0x38);//（6）写指令 08H：显示关闭Write_Cmd_Func(0x08);//（7）写指令 01H：显示清屏Write_Cmd_Func(0x01);//（8）写指令 06H：显示光标移动设置Write_Cmd_Func(0x06);//（9）写指令 0CH：显示开及光标设置}Write_Cmd_Func(0x0c);
}void LCD1602_showLine(char row, char col, char *string)
{switch(row){case 1:Write_Cmd_Func(0x80+col);//第一行while(*string){Write_Data_Func(*string);string++;}break;case 2:Write_Cmd_Func(0x80+0x40+col);//第二行while(*string){Write_Data_Func(*string);string++;}break;}
}/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */LCD1602_INIT();//初始化LCD1602_showLine(1,1,"jia");//横、列、字符串LCD1602_showLine(2,1,"you");/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

二、DHT11温湿度传感器

        详细介绍看(1条消息) STM32—项目三（温湿度在oled屏显示）_wlkq~的博客-CSDN博客

        1.总时序图（主机信号由代码设置波形，DHT信号由DHT11发出）

         2.初始化部分  检测模块是否存在（检测下图DHT响应信号有没有被拉低）

         3.接收数据部分（有效数据都是高电平，但持续时间不一样，可通过延时后是否被拉低来判断是0还是1）

                 DHT11传输0的时序分析

               DHT11传输1的时序分析  

         4.数据格式

        只有一根数据线DAT，发送序列指令给DHT11模块，模块就会传输一次完整的数据为40bit（8bit湿度整数数据+8bit湿度小数数据+8bi温度整数数据+8bit温度小数数据+8bit校验）,高位先出。

三、实验（LCD屏显示温湿度）

1.接线

        D0~D7->A0~A7        RS -> B1         RW -> B2         EN -> B10        V0 ->GND

        BLA ->VCC        BLK->GND

        DAT->B3

2.配置

         1.SYS

        2.RCC

         3.GPIO

        4.B3既作为输入，也作为输出，则不能直接在CubeMX里配置，需要自己写代码。

3.main.c代码

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *///LCD宏定义 为了更加简便
#define RS_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define RW_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define EN_GPIO_Port GPIOB
#define RS_Pin GPIO_PIN_1
#define RW_Pin GPIO_PIN_10
#define EN_Pin GPIO_PIN_0#define RS_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RS_GPIO_Port, RS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//RS拉高
#define RS_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RS_GPIO_Port, RS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define RW_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RW_GPIO_Port, RW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//RW拉高
#define RW_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(RW_GPIO_Port, RW_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define EN_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(EN_GPIO_Port, EN_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)//EN拉高
#define EN_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(EN_GPIO_Port, EN_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)//DH11宏定义
#define DAT_LOW HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_3, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define DAT_HIGH HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_3, GPIO_PIN_SET)#define DAT_VALUE HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_3)void delay_us(uint32_t us)//微妙延时
{uint32_t delay = (HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq() / 4000000 * us);while (delay--){;}
}void Write_Cmd_Func(uint8_t cmd)//LCD写命令
{RS_LOW;RW_LOW;EN_LOW;GPIOA->ODR = cmd;//cmd的数据按位输出给A口HAL_Delay(5);//5msEN_HIGH;HAL_Delay(5);EN_LOW;
}void Write_Data_Func(uint8_t dataShow)//LCD写数据
{RS_HIGH;RW_LOW;EN_LOW;GPIOA->ODR = dataShow;HAL_Delay(5);EN_HIGH;HAL_Delay(5);EN_LOW;
}void LCD1602_INIT(void)//LCD初始化
{//（1）延时 15msHAL_Delay(15);//（2）写指令 38H(不检测忙信号)Write_Cmd_Func(0x38);//（3）延时 5msHAL_Delay(5);//（4）以后每次写指令，读/写数据操作均需要检测忙信号//（5）写指令 38H：显示模式设置Write_Cmd_Func(0x38);//（6）写指令 08H：显示关闭Write_Cmd_Func(0x08);//（7）写指令 01H：显示清屏Write_Cmd_Func(0x01);//（8）写指令 06H：显示光标移动设置Write_Cmd_Func(0x06);//（9）写指令 0CH：显示开及光标设置}Write_Cmd_Func(0x0c);
}void LCD1602_showLine(char row, char col, char *string)//LCD行、列、字符串显示
{switch(row){case 1:Write_Cmd_Func(0x80+col);//第一行while(*string){Write_Data_Func(*string);string++;}break;case 2:Write_Cmd_Func(0x80+0x40+col);//第二行while(*string){Write_Data_Func(*string);string++;}break;}
}void DHT_GPIO_Init(uint32_t Mode)//初始化GPIO口,PB3口接温度传感器DAT
{GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();//时钟GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_3;GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = Mode;//输出还是输入GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}void DHT11_Start()//DHT11初始化开始信号
{//下面是主机信号DHT_GPIO_Init(GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP);//PA5设置为输出推挽模式DAT_HIGH;DAT_LOW;HAL_Delay(30);//msDAT_HIGH;DHT_GPIO_Init(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);//PA5设置为输入模式//下面是DHT信号，如果符合DHT信号时序图就进行运行while(DAT_VALUE);//dht=0while(!DAT_VALUE);//dht=1while(DAT_VALUE);//之后开始传输数据//dht=0
}uint8_t data[5];//存放DH11数据void DHT11_Read()//接收DH11数据
{int i;int j;char tmp;//移位，存放8个bitchar flag;//标志位DHT11_Start();//重启进入高速模式之后才发送bitDHT_GPIO_Init(GPIO_MODE_INPUT);//PA5设置为输入模式for(i = 0;i < 5;i++){//取4个字节for(j=0;j<8;j++){//每个字节取8个bitwhile(!DAT_VALUE);//卡g点数据来会从0变成1 delay_us(40); //延时读取if(DAT_VALUE == 1){flag = 1;while(DAT_VALUE);//等待变位70us下一个bit}else{flag = 0;}	tmp = tmp << 1;//左移一位或者  tmp<<=1，为了使先出来的bit到高位tmp |= flag;//可以为   tmp=tmp|flag  }data[i] = tmp;//得到8个bit为一个字节，存放在数组里  }}
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */char SpeedMes[16];//存放显示的字符串/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */LCD1602_INIT();//初始化DHT11_Read();//读取数据sprintf(SpeedMes,"H:%d.%d",data[0], data[1]);LCD1602_showLine(1,0,SpeedMes);//横、列、字符串sprintf(SpeedMes,"T:%d.%d",data[2], data[3]);LCD1602_showLine(2,0,SpeedMes);//横、列、字符串HAL_Delay(600);//	600毫秒}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

更多推荐

STM32—项目四（LCD屏显示温湿度）

本文发布于:2024-02-14 14:57:11，感谢您对本站的认可！
本文链接:https://www.elefans.com/category/jswz/34/1763454.html
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系，我们将在24小时内删除。
本文标签：温湿度   项目   LCD

发布评论

评论列表 （有 0 条评论）

最近发表

草根站长

>www.elefans.com

编程频道|电子爱好者 - 技术资讯及电子产品介绍！

热门文章

标签列表