flask实际开发：flask和nginx如何配置支持websocket

编程入门行业动态更新时间:2024-10-03 04:41:19

flask实际开发：flask和nginx如何配置支持websocket

使用pycharm启动flask项目有坑，先修改pycharm设置

1、点击Edit Confiturations

2、配置启动方式

1 新增启动配置
2 选择使用python命令执行
3 给配置设置一个名字
4 设置要启动的模块的位置，flask基本都是app.py 模块

最后别忘记：点击右侧的apply

一、flask

1.1、flask框架配置支持websocket

依赖包：

pip install gevent-websocket==0.10.1
pip install gevent==21.1.2
pip install flask==1.1.2

1、配置方式一：使用到gevent-websocket 和gevent 共同实现

import time
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from flask import Flask, requestapp = Flask(__name__)@app.route('/ws')
def ws():socke = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket')while True:msg = socke.receive()print('客户端发送的信息：', msg)if msg == None:print('客户端结束websocket连接')breaksocke.send(f'接收到的时间：{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}')return 'ok'if __name__ == '__main__':# 使用WSGIServer使用项目支持sse,支持websocketser = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 8888), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler)ser.serve_forever()

2、配置二：只使用gevent-websocket包

import time
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from geventwebsocket.server import WSGIServer
from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket #语法提示
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import time
print('flask启动...')
app = Flask(__name__)@app.route('/ws')
def ws():sock = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket')print(sock)while True:msg = sock.receive()print(msg,'接收到的数据')if msg==None:breaksock.send(f'收到数据的时间：{time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")}')return 'ok'if __name__ == '__main__':#使用WSGIServer使用项目支持sse,支持websocketser = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0',8888),app,handler_class=WebSocketHandler)ser.serve_forever()

1.2、通过python脚本发起websocket

依赖包：

pip3 install websocket-client

当nginx配置了证书，走https协议时，使用 wss://域名:443/api/ws

from websocket import create_connection
import websocketdef main():#ambulance.thearay:443url = 'wss://ambulance.jinho:443/api/websocket/ws'ws = create_connection(url)print("获取连接状态：", ws.connected)while True:send_data = input('>>>>>>>>')print(f'send >>> {send_data}')ws.send(f"{send_data.strip()}")response = ws.recv()print("recv >>> ", response)if response =='close':breakws.close()if __name__ == '__main__':main()

当nginx没有配置证书，走http协议时，使用ws://域名:80/api/ws

from websocket import create_connection
def main():url = 'ws:/ambulance.jinho:80/api/ws'ws = create_connection(url)print("获取连接状态：", ws.connected)while True:data = input('发送数据>>>>')ws.send(data)response = ws.recv()print("接收数据>>>>", response)if response=='close':ws.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':main()

二、nginx

最主要就是在代理flask请求的配置中，配置下面三个

location /api/{

         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888/api/;

         proxy_http_version 1.1;
         proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
         proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

}

https配置

 server {listen 443 ssl;server_name 127.0.0.1;ssl_certificate cert/8386707_ambulance.jinho.pem;ssl_certificate_key cert/8386707_ambulance.jinho.key;ssl_session_timeout 5m;ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;client_max_body_size 10m;location  /static  {alias  C:/5G/5GApi/static; }location / {root   C:\\5G\\nginx-1.17.8\\dist; #默认访问目录index  index.html;# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;}location /api/ {#后端proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888/;proxy_buffering off; #nginx实现sse的功能，不配置就无法实现sse功能#nginx配置支持websocket，下面三条proxy_http_version 1.1;proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";#websocket的超时处理proxy_read_timeout 600s;proxy_connect_timeout 30s;proxy_send_timeout 60s;}#server的括号}

走http协议

 server {listen 80;server_name 127.0.0.1;client_max_body_size 10m;root html;index index.html index.htm;location  /static  {alias  C:/5G/5GApi/static; }location / {root   C:\\5G\\nginx-1.17.8\\dist; #默认访问目录index  index.html;# try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;}location /api/ {#后端proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8888/;proxy_buffering off; #nginx实现sse的功能，不配置就无法实现sse功能#nginx配置支持websocket，下面三条proxy_http_version 1.1;proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";#websocket的超时处理proxy_read_timeout 600s; #两次请求之前不能超过600s,自动关闭连接的元凶proxy_connect_timeout 30s; #创建连接时60s超时proxy_send_timeout 60s;    #服务的发送数据时，60s超时}}