抓取微博信息

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抓取微博信息

代码效果演示
Gitee源码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Version: Python 3.9.7
# Author: TRIX
# Date: 2021-10-04 17:36:05
# Use:抓取今日头条微博相关部分信息 并将信息储存到txt headers储存到json
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import requests
import pyperclip,json
from dateutil.parser import parse#处理时间def getHeaders(noKeys=None,extraStripChars=[':'],doPrint=False,):'''noKeys 根据键名去除键值对 键名与键名间以一个space分割 忽略大小写 忽略是否stripextraStripChars 额外strip键名的无关字符 字符与字符间以一个space分割doPrint 是否打印headers和去除的键值对 只有在初次创建headers.json有用'''strs=pyperclip.paste()#读取剪贴字符串headers={}if 'Mozilla' not in strs:#如果复制字符串不是请求标头try:with open('headers.json','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:#读取储存的headersheaders=json.loads(f.read())#json文本转dict对象except FileNotFoundError:return print('请至少完整复制一次请求标头信息\n复制方法：f12-网络-f5-名称-任意一个条目-标头-请求标头-复制所有')if not headers:def stripChars(word):#strip键名的无关字符word=word.strip()for char in extraStripChars:word=word.strip(char)return wordkeysValues=[]for keyOrValue in strs.split(': '):#以: 和\n切分字符串for kOrV in keyOrValue.split('\r\n'):keysValues.append(stripChars(kOrV))for i in range(0,len(keysValues),2):#生成headers字典headers[keysValues[i]]=keysValues[i+1]if noKeys:#去除指定键值对popKvs=[]for key in noKeys.split():popKvs.append(f"'{key}':'{headers.pop(stripChars(key))}'")json_data=json.dumps(headers,ensure_ascii=False,indent=2)#dict对象转json文本 ensure_ascii让输出结果是中文而不是unicode indent缩进字符个数 值只能是 dict list int float str bool Nonewith open('headers.json','w',encoding='utf-8') as h:#储存json数据h.write(json_data)print('headers信息已储存至headers.json')if doPrint:#打印print('headers={')for k,v in headers.items():print(f"'{k}':'{v}',")print('}')if popKvs:print('\n去除headers的键值对如下：')for kv in popKvs:print(kv)print('\n')return headersdef getPage(page):params={'uid':1618051664,'page':page,#通过page刷新微博'feature':0,}url='?'+urlencode(params)#构造urltry:response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,)#请求数据print(f'正在尝试爬取数据：{url}响应码：{response.status_code}')if response.status_code==200:return response.json()except requests.ConnectionError as e:print('爬取失败：',e.args)def getLongText(urlid):url='='+urlid#构造urltry:response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,)#请求数据print(f'检测到长文本 正在尝试爬取数据：{url}，响应码：{response.status_code}')if response.status_code==200:return response.json()except requests.ConnectionError as e:print('爬取失败：',e.args)def getblogs(json):if json:#如果json!=Noneblogs=json.get('data').get('list')articleCount=len(blogs)articles=[]for blog in blogs:#print(blog)info={}#微博数据info['id']=blog.get('idstr')info['createTime']=str(parse(blog.get('created_at'))).split('+')[0]#处理时间格式if blog.get('isLongText'):#如果微博为长文本longText=getLongText(blog.get('mblogid'))if longText:longText=longText.get('data')info['text']=longText.get('longTextContent')topicStruct=longText.get('topic_struct')if topicStruct:info['topics']=''for topic in topicStruct:info['topics']+=topic.get('topic_title')+' 'else:info['topic']='无'else:info['text']=blog.get('text_raw')if blog.get('retweeted_status'):#如果微博含转载内容info['text']+='该微博含转载微博 内容略'if info.get('page_info'):#如果微博有视频或图片info['text']+='该微博含视频 或 图片 内容略'tagStruct=blog.get('tag_struct')if tagStruct:#如果有标签info['tags']=''for tag in tagStruct:info['tags']+=tag.get('tag_name')+' 'else:info['tags']='无'topicStruct=blog.get('topic_struct')if topicStruct:#如果该微博有主题info['topics']=''for topic in topicStruct:info['topics']+=topic.get('topic_title')+' 'else:info['topics']='无'info['likesCount']=blog.get('attitudes_count')info['commentsCount']=blog.get('comments_count')info['repostsCount']=blog.get('reposts_count')info['text']=info['text'].strip('​')#替换一些不正常字符info['text']=info['text'].replace('>','>')if 'http' in info['text']:#如果有视频链接textAndUrl=info['text'].split('http')info['text']=textAndUrl[0]info['videoUrl']='http'+textAndUrl[-1]else:info['videoUrl']='无'articles.append(info)return articlesdef getPageblogs(pages):#抓取pages页的所有微博的部分相关信息with open('blogs.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write('微博页面链接：{}\n'.format(headers['referer']))f.write(f'共抓取了{pages}页微博相关信息，抓取信息如下：\n\n')for n in range(pages):json=getPage(n+1)articles=getblogs(json)f.write(f'---第{n+1}页---\n')for i,a in enumerate(articles):f.write(f'---第{i+1}个微博---\n')f.write('微博id：{}\n'.format(a['id']))f.write('发布时间：{}\n'.format(a['createTime']))f.write('内容：{}\n'.format(a['text']))f.write('视频链接：{}\n'.format(a['videoUrl']))f.write('微博标签：{}\n'.format(a['tags']))f.write('微博主题：{}\n'.format(a['topics']))f.write('点赞数：{}\n'.format(a['likesCount']))f.write('评论数：{}\n'.format(a['commentsCount']))f.write('转载数：{}\n'.format(a['repostsCount']))f.write('\n')headers=getHeaders(noKeys='path')
getPageblogs(3)