QPalette学习笔记

学习笔记"/>

QPalette学习笔记

QPalette类相当于对话框或控件的调色板，它管理着控件或窗体的所有颜色信息，每个窗体或控件都包含一个QPalette对象，在显示时按照它的QPalette对象中对各部分各状态下的颜色的描述来进行绘制。

QPalette类有两个基本的数据类型：一个是ColorGroup，用来区分不同状态下空间或窗体的颜色信息；另一个是ColorRole，用来区分控件或窗体的不同组成的颜色信息。其具体的解释如下：

ColorGroup：

ColorRole：

QPalette主要通过以下四个函数来实现对控件或窗体的颜色设置：

void QPalette::setColor ( ColorRole role, const QColor & color );

void QPalette::setColor ( ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QColor & color );

void QPalette::setBrush ( ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush );

void QPalette::setBrush ( ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush );

其中，setBrush可以通过设置QBrush的图片来设置控件或窗体的背景图片。另外，需要注意的是在设置对话框和控件（QPushButton、QFrame等）的背景色时需要使用

void setAutoFillBackground ( bool enabled )；设置其背景可填充。

接下来给出一个示例（Qt创建一个QWidget项目）：

//Wdiget.h#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H#include <QWidget>
#include <QComboBox>
#include <QFrame>class Widget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Widget();private://成员变量QFrame *sFrame;QFrame *cFrame;QComboBox *cbWin;QComboBox *cbWinText;QComboBox *cbBtn;QComboBox *cbBtnText;QComboBox *cbBase;QComboBox *cbText;QComboBox *cbAlter;//成员函数void seletFrame();void contentFrame();void fillComboBox(QComboBox *);private slots:void cbWin_s();void cbWinText_s();void cbBtn_s();void cbBtnText_s();void cbBase_s();void cbText_s();void cbAlter_s();};#endif // WIDGET_H

//Widget.cpp#include "widget.h"
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QListView>
#include <QStringListModel>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QGroupBox>
#include <QPixmap>
#include <QIcon>
#include <QSizePolicy>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QLineEdit>Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent)
{seletFrame();contentFrame();QHBoxLayout *gHblayout = new QHBoxLayout(this);gHblayout->addWidget(sFrame);gHblayout->addWidget(cFrame);gHblayout->setMargin(10);gHblayout->setSpacing(5);gHblayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);}Widget::~Widget()
{
}void Widget::seletFrame()
{sFrame = new QFrame;QLabel *label1 = new QLabel("Qt::Window");cbWin = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbWin);connect(cbWin,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbWin_s()));QLabel *label2 = new QLabel("Qt::WindowText");cbWinText = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbWinText);connect(cbWinText,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbWinText_s()));//connect(cbWinText,&QComboBox::activated,this,&Widget::cbWinText_s());QGridLayout *s1Layout = new QGridLayout;s1Layout->addWidget(label1,0,0);s1Layout->addWidget(cbWin,0,1);s1Layout->addWidget(label2,1,0);s1Layout->addWidget(cbWinText,1,1);s1Layout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);QGroupBox *s1GroupBox = new QGroupBox("Window corlor");s1GroupBox->setLayout(s1Layout);QLabel *label3 = new QLabel("Qt::Button");cbBtn = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbBtn);connect(cbBtn,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbBtn_s()));QLabel *label4 = new QLabel("Qt::ButtonText");cbBtnText = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbBtnText);connect(cbBtnText,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbBtnText_s()));QLabel *label5 = new QLabel("Qt::Base");cbBase = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbBase);connect(cbBase,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbBase_s()));QLabel *label6 = new QLabel("Qt::Text");cbText = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbText);connect(cbText,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbText_s()));QLabel *label7 = new QLabel("Qt::AlternateBase");cbAlter = new QComboBox;fillComboBox(cbAlter);connect(cbAlter,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(cbAlter_s()));QGridLayout *sgLayout =new QGridLayout(sFrame);sgLayout->addWidget(s1GroupBox,0,0,1,2);   //合并单元格，从（0,0）格开始，占有1行2列sgLayout->addWidget(label3,1,0);sgLayout->addWidget(cbBtn,1,1);sgLayout->addWidget(label4,2,0);sgLayout->addWidget(cbBtnText,2,1);sgLayout->addWidget(label5,3,0);sgLayout->addWidget(cbBase,3,1);sgLayout->addWidget(label6,4,0);sgLayout->addWidget(cbText,4,1);sgLayout->addWidget(label7,5,0);sgLayout->addWidget(cbAlter,5,1);sgLayout->setMargin(5);}void Widget::contentFrame()
{cFrame = new QFrame();cFrame->setLineWidth(2);cFrame->setFrameStyle(QFrame::Box|QFrame::Raised);QLabel *labString = new QLabel("please input a string");QLineEdit *edtString = new QLineEdit;QHBoxLayout *stringWidget = new QHBoxLayout;stringWidget->addWidget(labString);stringWidget->addWidget(edtString);stringWidget->setSpacing(5);QListView *cListV = new QListView;QStringList cstrL;cstrL << "男儿立志岀乡关"<<"学不成名誓不还"<<"青山处处埋忠骨"<<"何须马革裹尸还";QStringListModel *cListM = new QStringListModel(cstrL);cListV->setModel(cListM);cListV->setAlternatingRowColors(true);QTextEdit *cTextE = new QTextEdit("葡萄美酒夜光杯");cTextE->append("欲饮琵琶马上催");cTextE->append("醉卧沙场君莫笑");cTextE->append("古来征战几人回");QPushButton *okBtn = new QPushButton("确认");QPushButton *cancalBtn = new QPushButton("取消");QHBoxLayout *cHLayout = new QHBoxLayout;cHLayout->addStretch(1);cHLayout->addWidget(okBtn);cHLayout->addWidget(cancalBtn);QVBoxLayout *cVLayout = new QVBoxLayout(cFrame);cVLayout->addLayout(stringWidget);cVLayout->addWidget(cListV);cVLayout->addWidget(cTextE);cVLayout->addLayout(cHLayout);cVLayout->setMargin(15);cVLayout->setSpacing(5);okBtn->setAutoFillBackground(true);cancalBtn->setAutoFillBackground(true);cFrame->setAutoFillBackground(true);
}void Widget::fillComboBox(QComboBox *c)
{QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QString colorName;foreach(colorName,colorList){QPixmap s_color = QPixmap(70,20);s_color.fill(QColor(colorName));//QIcon s_color  = QIcon(colorName);c->addItem(QIcon(s_color),NULL);c->setIconSize(QSize(70,20));c->setSizeAdjustPolicy(QComboBox::AdjustToContents);}}void Widget::cbWin_s()
{qDebug()<<"进入cbWin_s()槽函数";QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Window,QColor(colors[cbWin->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);}void Widget::cbWinText_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,QColor(colors[cbWinText->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);}void Widget::cbBtn_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Button,QColor(colors[cbBtn->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);
}void Widget::cbBtnText_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText,QColor(colors[cbBtnText->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);
}void Widget::cbBase_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Base,QColor(colors[cbBase->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);
}void Widget::cbText_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Text,QColor(colors[cbText->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);
}void Widget::cbAlter_s()
{QStringList colors = QColor::colorNames();QPalette p = cFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::AlternateBase,QColor(colors[cbAlter->currentIndex()]));cFrame->setPalette(p);
}

结果图：

本文本质是对.html文章的转载

根据自己的学习理解，为方便自己查看，做了些许调整。