C/C++实现透明窗口程序

透明窗口程序"/>

C/C++实现透明窗口程序

本文介绍几种在Windows环境下通过C/C++使用WIN32API实现透明窗口的方法。如有问题，请私信或者在评论区评论。

一、透明窗口实现

1. 方式一

通过 SetLayeredWindowAttributes 函数实现，需要添加以下代码：

// 设置窗口透明度
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hWnd,       // 窗口句柄0,          // 需要透明化的颜色值，0表示不使用颜色值128,        // 透明度，取值为0-255LWA_ALPHA   // 指定透明度效果
);

以下为完整示例代码：

#include <Windows.h>LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (message){case WM_DESTROY:{PostQuitMessage(0);break;}default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{// 定义窗口类const wchar_t CLASS_NAME[] = L"MyWindowClass";WNDCLASSEX wc = { 0 };wc.cbSize = sizeof(wc);                         wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;                  wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);wc.cbWndExtra = sizeof(LONG_PTR);wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION);wc.hIconSm = LoadIcon(hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION);wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);wc.cbClsExtra = 0;wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);// 注册窗口RegisterClassEx(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_LAYERED,                  CLASS_NAME,                     "透明窗口", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,           CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,       NULL,       hInstance,  NULL        );// 创建失败if (hWnd == NULL){return -1;}// 设置窗口透明度SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hWnd,       // 窗口句柄0,          // 颜色键128,        // 透明度，取值为0-255LWA_ALPHA   // );// 显示窗口ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);// 消息循环MSG msg = { 0 };while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

2. 方式二

使用 SetWindowLong() 和 SetLayeredWindowAttributes() 函数实现透明窗口。

完整示例代码如下：

#include <windows.h>LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (msg){case WM_CREATE:  // 多用于窗口的初始化// 设置窗口扩展样式为WS_EX_LAYEREDSetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_EXSTYLE, GetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_EXSTYLE) | WS_EX_LAYERED);// 设置窗口透明度为50%（0-255，255为完全不透明）SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hWnd, 0, 128, LWA_ALPHA);break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{const char *CLASS_NAME = "MyClass";WNDCLASS wc = {0};wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_LAYERED, CLASS_NAME, "Transparent Window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

3. 方式三

使用 UpdateLayeredWindow() 函数实现透明窗口，完整实例代码如下：

#include <windows.h>LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (msg){case WM_CREATE:{// 创建窗口的设备上下文HDC hdc = GetDC(hWnd);// 创建透明位图int width = 400;int height = 300;HBITMAP hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);// 创建与位图相关联的设备上下文HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);SelectObject(hdcMem, hBitmap);// 绘制透明背景BLENDFUNCTION blend = { 0 };blend.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER;blend.BlendFlags = 0;blend.AlphaFormat = AC_SRC_ALPHA;blend.SourceConstantAlpha = 128; // 透明度（0-255，255为完全不透明）RECT rcClient;GetClientRect(hWnd, &rcClient);FillRect(hdcMem, &rcClient, (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1));// 使用UpdateLayeredWindow函数设置窗口为透明窗口POINT ptDst = { 0, 0 };SIZE sizeWnd = { width, height };POINT ptSrc = { 0, 0 };UpdateLayeredWindow(hWnd, hdc, NULL, &sizeWnd, hdcMem, &ptSrc, 0, &blend, ULW_ALPHA);// 释放资源DeleteDC(hdcMem);DeleteObject(hBitmap);ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);}break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{const char* CLASS_NAME = "MyClass";WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_LAYERED, CLASS_NAME, "Transparent Window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

二、半透明窗口实现

1. 窗口透明绘图不透明

窗口透明，绘图不透明的实现：

#include <windows.h>// 窗口类名称
#define CLASS_NAME "MyWindowClass"// 窗口标题
#define WINDOW_TITLE "Transparent Window"// 窗口大小
#define WINDOW_WIDTH 640
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 480// GDI 绘图颜色
#define DRAW_COLOR RGB(0, 0, 255)// 窗口透明色
#define TRANSPARENT_COLOR RGB(0, 0, 0)// 窗口过程函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (msg){case WM_PAINT:{PAINTSTRUCT ps;HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);// 使用透明色创建一个画刷HBRUSH hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(TRANSPARENT_COLOR);// 用画刷填充背景RECT rect;GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);FillRect(hdc, &rect, hBrush);// 绘制一个不透明的矩形HBRUSH hDrawBrush = CreateSolidBrush(DRAW_COLOR);RECT drawRect = { 50, 50, 200, 200 };FillRect(hdc, &drawRect, hDrawBrush);// 释放资源DeleteObject(hBrush);DeleteObject(hDrawBrush);EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);break;}case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{// 注册窗口类WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH);wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_LAYERED | WS_EX_TRANSPARENT | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW,CLASS_NAME, WINDOW_TITLE,WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE,0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT,NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);// 设置透明色SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hwnd, TRANSPARENT_COLOR, 0, LWA_COLORKEY);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return (int)msg.wParam;
}

2. 窗口半透明绘图不透明

#include <windows.h>// 窗口类名称
#define CLASS_NAME L"MyWindowClass"// 窗口标题
#define WINDOW_TITLE L"Transparent Window"// 窗口大小
#define WINDOW_WIDTH 640
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 480// 窗口透明度
#define WINDOW_ALPHA 200// 窗口过程函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (msg){case WM_DESTROY:{PostQuitMessage(0);break;}case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:{// 鼠标双击时关闭窗口DestroyWindow(hwnd);break;}case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:{// 鼠标左键按下时开始拖动窗口SendMessage(hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MOVE | HTCAPTION, 0);break;}case WM_PAINT:{PAINTSTRUCT ps;HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);// 绘制一个不透明的矩形HBRUSH hDrawBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 0, 255));RECT drawRect = { 50, 50, 200, 200 };FillRect(hdc, &drawRect, hDrawBrush);// 释放资源DeleteObject(hDrawBrush);EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);break;}default:return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{// 注册窗口类WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH);wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME;wc.style = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;RegisterClass(&wc);// 创建窗口HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_LAYERED,CLASS_NAME, WINDOW_TITLE,WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_SYSMENU,0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT,NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);// 设置窗口透明度SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hwnd, 0, WINDOW_ALPHA, LWA_ALPHA);// 消息循环MSG msg;while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}return 0;
}

参考资料：
各种常用的 Win32Api 汇总
Win32窗口和Qt窗口部分透明实现
Win32 使用 SetLayeredWindowAttributes 制作透明窗体
使Win32窗口透明的几种方法
windows api实现窗口透明整理
win32去除窗体边框标题栏非客户区，保留阴影
[Win32SDK基本] 窗口详解（超详细）
（详解入门）Windows（Win32） 应用程序的 简单窗口创建以及关键函数详细解释( 一 )
Win32绘图总结篇