Linux常见错误以及操作【未整理集合持续更新ing】

常见错误以及操作【未整理集合持续更新ing】"/>

Linux常见错误以及操作【未整理集合持续更新ing】

文章目录

• 1.gtkdocize: not found
• 2.parallel-tests: installing 'build-aux/test-driver'
• 3.configure.ac:34: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
• 4. No package 'polkit-gobject-1' found
• 5.configure: error: Package requirements (polkit-agent-1 >= 0.102) were not met:
• 6.configure: error: Package requirements (gudev-1.0 >= 165) were not met:
• 7.configure: error: Package requirements (blockdev >= 2.25) were not met:
• 8.configure: error: BlockDev part support requested but header or library not found
• 10.checking libblockdev-loop presence... no
• 11.checking libblockdev-swap presence... no
• 12.checking libblockdev-mdraid presence... no
• 13.configure: error: Package requirements (libatasmart >= 0.17) were not met:
• 14.E514: write error (file system full?)
• 15.corrupted size vs. prev_size 内存溢出
• 16.'packed' attribute ignored [-Werror=attributes] 错误处理
• 17.Printf设置出力字符串固定长度，不足空格补齐
• 18.warning: override: reassigning to symbol 问题解决
• 19.insserv: warning: script 'xxx' missing LSB tags and overrides
• 20.modprobe 使用相关问题，not found，文件不存在等
• 21.qt.qpa.screen: QXcbConnection: Could not connect to display
• 22.开机启动信息显示 Failed to insert module 'autofs4'
• 23.systemd[1] failed to mount tmpfs at /sys/fs/cgroup no such file or directory
• 24.python 安装软件错误：raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, 'Read timed out.')
• 25.buildroot ERROR: No hash found for xxx
• 26.sudo 出现unable to resolve host：Name or service not known 解决方法
• 27.Ubuntu20.04 解决32bits libcrypt.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 问题
• 28.Fix apt-get update “the following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available”
• 29.解决apt-get安装中的E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)问题
• 30.使用apt升级单个软件包
• 31. A start job is running for wait for network to be Configured 阻塞
• 32.sudo: command not found 的解决方法
• 33.Linux/Debian/Ubuntu chromium，Firefox浏览器中文界面乱码
• 34.sudo或者sudo+命令卡住很久（Ubuntu）
• 351: error: unrecognized command line option "-mlittle-endian" （编译内核出错）
• 36.buildroot文件系统定制busybox -z参数不支持
• 37.’sudo echo x >’ 时’Permission denied’问题解决
• 38.error: pathspec ' xxx' did not match any file(s) known to git

1.gtkdocize: not found

sudo apt-get install gtk-doc-tools

2.parallel-tests: installing ‘build-aux/test-driver’

udisks/Makefile.am:149: error: HAVE_INTROSPECTION does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
autoreconf: automake failed with exit status: 1

sudo apt-get install gobject-introspection

3.configure.ac:34: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL

sudo apt-get install libtool

configure: error: Package requirements (polkit-gobject-1 >= 0.102) were not met:

4. No package ‘polkit-gobject-1’ found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables POLKIT_GOBJECT_1_CFLAGS
and POLKIT_GOBJECT_1_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

sudo apt-get install libpolkit-gobject-1-dev

5.configure: error: Package requirements (polkit-agent-1 >= 0.102) were not met:

No package ‘polkit-agent-1’ found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables POLKIT_AGENT_1_CFLAGS
and POLKIT_AGENT_1_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

sudo apt-get install libpolkit-agent-1-dev

6.configure: error: Package requirements (gudev-1.0 >= 165) were not met:

No package ‘gudev-1.0’ found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables GUDEV_CFLAGS
and GUDEV_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

sudo apt-get install libgudev-1.0-dev

7.configure: error: Package requirements (blockdev >= 2.25) were not met:

No package ‘blockdev’ found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables BLOCKDEV_CFLAGS
and BLOCKDEV_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

sudo apt-get install libblockdev-dev

8.configure: error: BlockDev part support requested but header or library not found

sudo apt-get install libblockdev-part-dev libblockdev-part2

10.checking libblockdev-loop presence… no

libblockdev-loop-dev sudo abut header or library not found

sudo apt-get install libblockdev-loop-dev libblockdev-loop2

11.checking libblockdev-swap presence… no

configure: error: SWAP support requested but header or library not found

sudo apt-get install libblockdev-swap-dev  libblockdev-swap2

12.checking libblockdev-mdraid presence… no

configure: error: BLOCKDEV MDRAID support requested but header or library not found

sudo apt-get install libblockdev-mdraid-dev  libblockdev-mdraid2

BuildRequires: glib2-devel >= %{glib2_version}
BuildRequires: gobject-introspection-devel >= %{gobject_introspection_version}
BuildRequires: libgudev1-devel >= %{systemd_version}
BuildRequires: libatasmart-devel >= %{libatasmart_version}
BuildRequires: polkit-devel >= %{polkit_version}
BuildRequires: systemd >= %{systemd_version}
BuildRequires: systemd-devel >= %{systemd_version}
BuildRequires: libacl-devel
BuildRequires: chrpath
BuildRequires: gtk-doc
BuildRequires: gettext-devel
BuildRequires: redhat-rpm-config
BuildRequires: libblockdev-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-part-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-loop-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-swap-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-mdraid-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-fs-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libblockdev-crypto-devel >= %{libblockdev_version}
BuildRequires: libmount-devel
BuildRequires: libuuid-devel

sudo apt-get install glib2-dev gobject-introspection-dev libgudev1-dev libatasmart-dev polkit-dev systemd-dev libacl-dev gettext-dev libblockdev-dev libblockdev-part-dev libblockdev-loop-dev libblockdev-swap-dev  libblockdev-mdraid-dev libblockdev-fs-dev libblockdev-crypto-dev libmount-dev libuuid-devapt-get install libatasmart-dev libblockdev-dev libblockdev-part-dev libblockdev-loop-dev libblockdev-swap-dev  libblockdev-mdraid-dev libblockdev-fs-dev libblockdev-crypto-dev libmount-dev

13.configure: error: Package requirements (libatasmart >= 0.17) were not met:

No package ‘libatasmart’ found

apt-get list libatasmart-dev

14.E514: write error (file system full?)

vim编辑某文件，保存的时候报错
“basebackup.sh” E514: write error (file system full?)
解决方案：磁盘是否写满

15.corrupted size vs. prev_size 内存溢出

核对memcpy() , memset() 等函数是否异常，越界等

16.‘packed’ attribute ignored [-Werror=attributes] 错误处理

把__attribute__((packed))放结构体名前面，如下
由

typedef struct {int32_t mmap_addr;char tag[4]; /* 'P', 'R', 'E', ' ' */
}prelink_info_t __attribute__((packed)) ;

改至

typedef struct {int32_t mmap_addr;char tag[4]; /* 'P', 'R', 'E', ' ' */
} __attribute__((packed)) prelink_info_t ;

‘packed’ attribute ignored [-Werror=attributes] 错误处理

17.Printf设置出力字符串固定长度，不足空格补齐

printf("%50s",str); //右对齐，左补空格，50是长度
printf("%-50s",str); //左对齐，右补空格，50是长度
printf("%02d",cnt); //右对齐，左补0，2是长度

18.warning: override: reassigning to symbol 问题解决

找到对应的配置项，检查是否有冲突配置或重复配置的，有则处理

19.insserv: warning: script ‘xxx’ missing LSB tags and overrides

根据错误可以看出是LSB规范的问题，一般在shell脚本中，可以在对应的shell脚本中添加如下：

#!/bin/bash  
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          lostphp
# Required-Start:    $local_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: wsocket service
# Description:       wsocket service daemon
### END INIT INFO 

或者，直接卸载相关软件:

apt-get remove insserv

20.modprobe 使用相关问题，not found，文件不存在等

1.将编译好的模块放入/lib/module/uname -r下，
2. 用depmod更新modules.dep文件
3. modprobe helloworld.ko

21.qt.qpa.screen: QXcbConnection: Could not connect to display

该错误一般出现于用户没有登录进桌面却想在终端使用桌面的情况。

export DISPLAY=':0.0'

22.开机启动信息显示 Failed to insert module ‘autofs4’

把File Systems --> 里的 Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3) 选上

23.systemd[1] failed to mount tmpfs at /sys/fs/cgroup no such file or directory

24.python 安装软件错误：raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, ‘Read timed out.’)

指定源：–index-url
添加超时：–default-timeout=100
以上二选一，推荐第一种。

25.buildroot ERROR: No hash found for xxx

可以在package_name.mk 中加入 BR_NO_CHECK_HASH_FOR += $(XXX_SOURCE)跳过检查来解决
或者
手动在对应的package的hash文件中添加对应的hash值 （sha256sum -c SHA265 文件）

26.sudo 出现unable to resolve host：Name or service not known 解决方法

/etc/hosts 配置异常，一般出现于新增的用户
解决方案：vi /etc/hosts , 若sudo 的 用户为 user ，则sudo user 配置如下：

27.Ubuntu20.04 解决32bits libcrypt.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 问题

apt install libcrypt1

28.Fix apt-get update “the following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available”

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu --recv-keys xxxx

29.解决apt-get安装中的E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)问题

cd /var/lib/dpkg/
sudo mv info/ info_bak          # 现将info文件夹更名
sudo mkdir info                 # 再新建一个新的info文件夹
sudo apt-get update             # 更新
sudo apt-get -f install         # 修复
sudo mv info/* info_bak/        # 执行完上一步操作后会在新的info文件夹下生成一些文件，现将这些文件全部移到info_bak文件夹下
sudo rm -rf info                # 把自己新建的info文件夹删掉
sudo mv info_bak info           # 把以前的info文件夹重新改回名

30.使用apt升级单个软件包

apt install --only-upgrade <packagename>

31. A start job is running for wait for network to be Configured 阻塞

systemd-networkd-wait-online.service 中文手册

systemctl mask systemd-networkd-wait-online.service

32.sudo: command not found 的解决方法

#vi /etc/sudoers
visudo

找到"secure_path"一行，当你执行 sudo 命令时，"secure_path"中包含的路径将被当做默认 PATH 变量使用。按 “i” 键就可以进入插入模式（Insert mode），添加所需要的路径(如 /usr/local/bin）到"secure_path"下，Defaults secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

33.Linux/Debian/Ubuntu chromium，Firefox浏览器中文界面乱码

apt install fonts-wqy-zenhei #ubuntu
apt install ttf-wqy-zenhei #debian

vi  /etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf
#添加如下
WenQuanYi Zen Hei

34.sudo或者sudo+命令卡住很久（Ubuntu）

添加主机名映射。

vi /etc/hosts
#127.0.1.1 <主机名>
127.0.1.1 user

351: error: unrecognized command line option “-mlittle-endian” （编译内核出错）

编译器不对，指定对应的编译器即可。

export CROSS_COMPILE="aarch64-linux-gnu-"

36.buildroot文件系统定制busybox -z参数不支持

busybox配置文件添加CONFIG_FEATURE_SEAMLESS_GZ配置使能

vi buildroot/package/busybox/busybox.config
CONFIG_FEATURE_SEAMLESS_GZ=y

37.’sudo echo x >’ 时’Permission denied’问题解决

单独执行sudo echo a > 1.txt提示Permission denied
解决：

sudo sh -c "echo a > 1.txt"

参考：避免’sudo echo x >’ 时’Permission denied’

38.error: pathspec ’ xxx’ did not match any file(s) known to git

问题产生：命令输入输错，检查 git commit后面的-m是否加上
解决:

git commit -m "aaa"