弹性搜索：搜索部分单词

本文介绍了弹性搜索：搜索部分单词的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

我正在尝试学习如何使用elasticsearch（使用elasticsearch-php查询）。我已插入一些数据，看起来像这样：

I'm trying to learn how to use elasticsearch (using elasticsearch-php for queries). I have inserted a few data, which look something like this:

['id' => 1, 'name' => 'butter', 'category' => 'food'], ['id' => 2,'name' => 'buttercup', 'category' => 'food'], ['id' => 3,'name' => 'something else', 'category' => 'butter']

现在我创建了一个如下所示的搜索查询：

Now I created a search query which looks like this:

$query = [ 'filtered' => [ 'query' => [ 'bool' => [ 'should' => [ ['match' => [ 'name' => [ 'query' => $val, 'boost' => 7 ] ]], ['match' => [ 'category' => [ 'query' => $val, 'boost' => 5 ] ]], ], ] ] ] ];

其中$ val是搜索字词。这个工作很好，我唯一的问题是：当我搜索黄油时，我发现ids 1和3，但不是2，因为searchterm似乎只匹配确切的单词。有没有办法搜索在单词之内，或以mysql的方式来做一些像WHERE名称LIKE'％val％'的内容？

where $val is the search term. This works nicely, the only problem I have: when I search for "butter", I find ids 1 and 3, but not 2, because the searchterm seems to match exact words only. Is there a way to search "within words", or, in mysql terms, to do something like WHERE name LIKE '%val%' ?

推荐答案

您可以尝试 通配符 查询

You can try the wildcard query

$query = [ 'filtered' => [ 'query' => [ 'bool' => [ 'should' => [ ['wildcard' => [ 'name' => [ 'query' => '*'.$val.'*', 'boost' => 7 ] ]], ['wildcard' => [ 'category' => [ 'query' => '*'.$val.'*', 'boost' => 5 ] ]], ], ] ] ] ];

或 query_string 查询。

$query = [ 'filtered' => [ 'query' => [ 'bool' => [ 'should' => [ ['query_string' => [ 'default_field' => 'name', 'query' => '*'.$val.'*', 'boost' => 7 ]], ['query_string' => [ 'default_field' => 'category', 'query' => '*'.$val.'*', 'boost' => 7 ]], ], ] ] ] ];

如果您有大量数据，两者都可以正常工作。

Both will work but are not really performant if you have lots of data.

正确的方法是使用自定义分析器，使用标准的标记器和 ngram令牌过滤器，以便将每个令牌切成小块并将其骰子切成小块。

The correct way of doing this is to use a custom analyzer with a standard tokenizer and an ngram token filter in order to slice and dice each of your tokens into small ones.