Java Swing程序设计

程序设计"/>

Java Swing程序设计

Java Swing程序设计-18章

1.Swing概论

Swing是用于创建图形用户界面（GUI）的一组API（应用程序编程接口）。Swing提供了丰富的组件，用于构建用户友好的界面，包括按钮、文本框、标签、列表、表格等。以下是Swing的一些关键概念和特点：

1. 轻量级组件： Swing组件是轻量级的，这意味着它们不依赖于底层平台的窗口系统，而是由Java绘制。这使得Swing应用程序在不同平台上具有一致的外观和感觉。
2. MVC架构： Swing采用了模型-视图-控制器（MVC）架构的设计模式。这意味着Swing组件的表示（视图）与用户交互（控制器）和数据（模型）分离，使得应用程序更易于维护和扩展。
3. 事件处理： Swing使用事件模型来处理用户交互。当用户与Swing组件交互时，例如点击按钮或输入文本，相关的事件被触发，应用程序可以捕获并响应这些事件。
4. 布局管理器： Swing提供了多种布局管理器，用于定义和控制组件在容器中的布局。这有助于确保在不同大小和分辨率的屏幕上，界面仍然能够良好地显示。
5. 图形绘制： 通过Graphics类，Swing允许开发者进行自定义的图形绘制。这使得创建自定义组件和图形效果变得可行。
6. 多线程： 由于Swing是基于Java的多线程模型的，因此它允许在单独的线程中处理用户界面操作，以保持界面的响应性。

一个简单的Swing应用程序通常包括创建顶层容器（如JFrame），向容器中添加Swing组件，设置布局管理器，并处理与用户的交互事件。Swing的灵活性和丰富的功能使其成为Java图形界面开发的首选工具之一。

1.-27代码及运行结果

1.-27代码及运行结果尾巴

1-27代码汇总

1.

package eighteen;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;public class JfreamTest {public static void main(String args[]){JFrame jf = new JFrame();jf.setTitle("创建一个Jframe窗体");Container container = jf.getContentPane();JLabel jl = new JLabel("这是一个JFrame窗体");jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);container.add(jl);jf.setSize(300,150);jf.setLocation(320,240);jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);jf.setVisible(true);}
}

2.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;class MyJDialog extends JDialog{public MyJDialog(MyFrame frame){super(frame,"第一个JDialog窗体",true);Container container = getContentPane();container.add(new JLabel("这是一个对话框"));setBounds(120,120,100,100);}
}public class MyFrame  extends JFrame{public MyFrame(){Container container = getContentPane();container.setLayout(null);JButton bl = new JButton("弹出对话框");bl.setBounds(10,10,100,21);bl.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {MyJDialog dialog = new MyJDialog(MyFrame.this);dialog.setVisible(true);}});container.add(bl);setSize(200,200);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);}public static void main(String args[]){new MyFrame();}}

3.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;public class Demo1 {public static void main(String[] args){Object o[] = {new JButton("是的"),new JButton("再想想")};Icon icon = new ImageIcon("src/20220909223037.png");JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(null,"你备好了吗","注意了",JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION,JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION,icon,o,null);}
}

4.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;public class Demo2 {public static void main(String[] args) {int answer =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"确定离开吗？","标题",JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION);}}

5.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;public class Demo3 {public static void main(String[] args) {String name = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null,"请输入您的名字");}
}

6.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;public class Demo4 {public static void main(String[] args) {JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "您与服务器断开了连接", "发生错误", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);}
}

7.

package eighteen;
import java.awt.Container;import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class AbsolutePosition extends JFrame {public AbsolutePosition() {setTitle("本窗体使用绝对布局");setLayout(null);setBounds(0,0,300,150);Container c=getContentPane();JButton b1 =new JButton("按钮1");JButton b2 =new JButton("按钮2");b1.setBounds(10, 30, 80, 30);b2.setBounds(60,70, 100, 20);c.add(b1);c.add(b2);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {new AbsolutePosition();}}

8.

package eighteen;import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class FlowLayoutPosition	extends JFrame {public FlowLayoutPosition() {setTitle("本窗体使用流布局管理器");Container c =getContentPane();setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT,10,10));for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {c.add(new JButton("button"+i));}setSize(3300,200);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);setFocusable(true);}public static void main(String[] args) {new FlowLayoutPosition();}}

9.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Container;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class BorderLayoutPosition extends JFrame {public BorderLayoutPosition() {setTitle("这个窗体使用边界布局管理器");Container c=getContentPane();setLayout(new BorderLayout());JButton centerBtn =new JButton("中");JButton northBtn =new JButton("北");JButton southBtn =new JButton("南");JButton westBtn =new JButton("西");JButton eastBtn =new JButton("东");c.add(centerBtn,BorderLayout.CENTER);c.add(northBtn,BorderLayout.NORTH);c.add(southBtn,BorderLayout.SOUTH);c.add(westBtn,BorderLayout.WEST);c.add(eastBtn,BorderLayout.EAST);setSize(350,200);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {new BorderLayoutPosition();}}

10.

package eighteen;import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class GridLayoutPosition extends JFrame {public GridLayoutPosition() {Container c=getContentPane();setLayout(new GridLayout(7,3,5,5));for(int i=0;i<20;i++) {c.add(new JButton("button"+i));}setSize(300,300);setTitle("这是一个使用网格布局管理器的窗体");setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {new GridLayoutPosition();}
}

11.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class JPanelTest extends JFrame {public JPanelTest() {Container c =getContentPane();//将整个容器设置为2行2列的网格布局，组件水平间隔10像素，垂直间隔10像素c.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2,10,10));//初始化一个面板，此面板使用1行4列的网格布局，组件水平间隔10像素，垂直间隔10像素JPanel p1 =new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,4,10,10));//初始化一个面板，此面板使用边界布局JPanel p2 =new JPanel(new BorderLayout());//初始化一个面板，此面板使用1行2列的网格布局，组件水平间隔10像素，垂直间隔10像素JPanel p3 =new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2,10,10));//初始化一个面板，此面板使用2行1列的网格布局，组件水平间隔10像素，垂直间隔10像素JPanel p4 =new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//给每个面板都添加边框和标题，使用BorderFactory 工厂类生成带标题的边框对象p1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("面板1"));p2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("面板2"));p3.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("面板3"));p4.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("面板4"));//向面板1中添加按钮p1.add(new JButton("b1"));p1.add(new JButton("b1"));p1.add(new JButton("b1"));p1.add(new JButton("b1"));//向面板2中添加按钮p2.add(new JButton("b2"),BorderLayout.WEST);p2.add(new JButton("b2"),BorderLayout.EAST);p2.add(new JButton("b2"),BorderLayout.NORTH);p2.add(new JButton("b2"),BorderLayout.SOUTH);p2.add(new JButton("b2"),BorderLayout.CENTER);//向面板3中添加按钮p3.add(new JButton("b3"));p3.add(new JButton("b3"));//向面板4中添加按钮p4.add(new JButton("b4"));p4.add(new JButton("b4"));//向容器中添加面板c.add(p1);c.add(p2);c.add(p3);c.add(p4);setTitle("在这个窗体中使用了面板");setSize(500,300);//窗体宽高setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);//关闭动作}public static void main(String[] args) {JPanelTest test=new JPanelTest();test.setVisible(true);}
}

12.

package eighteen;import java.awt.Container;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;public class JScrollPaneTest extends JFrame{public JScrollPaneTest() {Container c = getContentPane();JTextArea ta = new JTextArea(20, 50);JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(ta);c.add(sp);setTitle("带滚动条的文字编译器");setSize(400, 200);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {JScrollPaneTest test = new JScrollPaneTest();test.setVisible(true);}
}

13.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;public class JlabelTest extends JFrame {public JlabelTest(){Container container = getContentPane();JLabel jl = new JLabel("JFrame窗体");container.add(jl);setSize(200,100);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);}public static void main(String args[]){new JlabelTest();}
}

14.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.URL;public class MyImageIcon  extends JFrame {public MyImageIcon(){Container container = getContentPane();JLabel jl = new JLabel("这是一个JFrame窗体");URL url = MyImageIcon.class.getResource("/20220909223037.png");Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);jl.setIcon(icon);jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);jl.setOpaque(true);container.add(jl);setSize(2200,1200);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String args[]){new MyImageIcon();}
}

15.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class JButtonTest extends JFrame {public JButtonTest(){Icon icon = new ImageIcon("/src/20220909223037.png");setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2,5,5));Container c =getContentPane();JButton btn[] = new JButton[6];for(int i =0;i< btn.length;i++){btn[i] = new JButton();c.add(btn[i]);}btn[0].setText("不可用");btn[0].setEnabled(false);btn[1].setText("有背景色");btn[1].setBackground(Color.YELLOW);btn[2].setText("無邊框");btn[2].setBorderPainted(false);btn[3].setText("有邊框");btn[3].setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED));btn[4].setIcon(icon);btn[4].setToolTipText("圖片按鈕");btn[5].setText("可點擊");btn[5].addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(JButtonTest.this, "點擊按鈕");}});setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);setTitle("創建不用樣式按鈕");setBounds(100,100,400,200);}public static void main(String[] args){new JButtonTest();}
}

16.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;public class RadioButtonTest extends JFrame {public RadioButtonTest(){setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setTitle("單選按鈕的使用");setBounds(100,100,240,120);getContentPane().setLayout(null);JLabel lblNewLabel = new JLabel("請選擇性別：");lblNewLabel.setBounds(5,5,120,15);getContentPane().add(lblNewLabel);JRadioButton rbtnNormal = new JRadioButton("男");rbtnNormal.setSelected(true);rbtnNormal.setBounds(40,30,75,22);getContentPane().add(rbtnNormal);JRadioButton rbtnPwd = new JRadioButton("女");rbtnPwd.setBounds(120,30,75,22);getContentPane().add(rbtnPwd);ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();group.add(rbtnNormal);group.add(rbtnPwd);}public static void main(String[] args){RadioButtonTest frame = new RadioButtonTest();frame.setVisible(true);}
}

17.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class CheckBoxTest extends JFrame {public CheckBoxTest(){setBounds(100,100,170,110);setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);Container c = getContentPane();c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());JCheckBox c1 = new JCheckBox("1");JCheckBox c2 = new JCheckBox("2");JCheckBox c3 = new JCheckBox("3");c.add(c1);c.add(c2);c.add(c3);JButton btn = new JButton("打印");btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {System.out.println(c1.getText()+"按钮选中状态:"+c1.isSelected());System.out.println(c2.getText()+"按钮选中状态:"+c2.isSelected());System.out.println(c3.getText()+"按钮选中状态:"+c3.isSelected());}});c.add(btn);setVisible(true);}public static void main(String[] args){new CheckBoxTest();}
}

18.

package eighteen;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;public class JComboBoxTest extends JFrame{public JComboBoxTest() {setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setTitle("下拉列表框的使用");setBounds(100,100,317,147);getContentPane().setLayout(null);JLabel lblNewLabel =new JLabel("请使用证件：");lblNewLabel.setBounds(28,14,80,15);getContentPane().add(lblNewLabel);JComboBox<String>comboBox = new JComboBox<String>();comboBox.addItem("抑郁证");comboBox.addItem("学生证");comboBox.addItem("神经证");comboBox.addItem("魔怔");comboBox.setEditable(true);getContentPane().add(comboBox);JLabel lblResult = new JLabel("");lblResult.setBounds(0,57,146,15);getContentPane().add(lblResult);JButton btnNewButton =new JButton("确定");btnNewButton.setBounds(200,10,67,23);getContentPane().add(btnNewButton);btnNewButton.addActionListener((ActionListener) new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {lblResult.setText("您的选择是:"+comboBox.getSelectedItem());}});}public static void main(String[] args) {JComboBoxTest frame = new JComboBoxTest();frame.setVisible(true);}
}

19.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class JListTest  extends JFrame {public JListTest(){Container cp = getContentPane();cp.setLayout(null);String[] contents = {"列表1","列表2","列表3","列表4","列表5"};JList<String> jl =new JList<>(contents);JScrollPane js =  new JScrollPane(jl);js.setBounds(10,10,100,189);cp.add(js);JTextArea area = new JTextArea();JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(area);scrollPane.setBounds(118,10,73,80);cp.add(scrollPane);JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("确认");btnNewButton.setBounds(120,96,71,23);cp.add(btnNewButton);btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {java.util.List<String> values = jl.getSelectedValuesList();area.setText("");for(String value:values){area.append(value+"\n");}}});setTitle("在这个窗体中使用了列表框");setSize(217,167);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String args[]){new JListTest();}
}

20.

package eighteen;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;public class JTextFieldTest extends JFrame {public JTextFieldTest() {Container c = getContentPane();c.setLayout(new FlowLayout());JTextField jt = new JTextField("请点击清除按钮");jt.setColumns(20);jt.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.PLAIN,20));JButton jb = new JButton("清除");jt.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {jt.setText("触发事件");}});jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {System.out.println(jt.getText());jt.setText("");jt.requestFocus();}});c.add(jt);c.add(jb);setBounds(100,100,250,110);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {new JTextFieldTest();}}

21.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;public class JTextAreaTest extends JFrame {public JTextAreaTest(){setSize(200,100);setTitle("定义自动换行的文本域");setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);Container cp = getContentPane();JTextArea jt = new JTextArea("文本域",10,10);jt.setLineWrap(true);cp.add(jt);setVisible(true);}public static void main(String[] args){new JTextAreaTest();}
}

22.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;public class JTableDemo extends JFrame{public static void main(String[] args) {JTableDemo frame =new JTableDemo();frame.setVisible(true);}public JTableDemo() {setTitle("创建可以滚动的表格");setBounds(100,100,240,150);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);String[] columnNames = {"A","B"};//定义表格数据组String[][] tableValues = {{"A1","B1",},{"A2","B2"},{"A3","B3"},{"A4","B4"},{"A5","B5"}};JTable table =new JTable(tableValues,columnNames);JScrollPane scrollPane =new JScrollPane(table);getContentPane().add(scrollPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);}
}

23.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import javax.swing.table.TableRowSorter;public class SortingTable extends JFrame {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;public static void main(String[] args) {SortingTable frame = new SortingTable();frame.setVisible(true);}public SortingTable() {setTitle("表格模型与表格");setBounds(100,100,240,150);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();getContentPane().add(scrollPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);String [] columnNames = {"A","B"};String[][] tableValues = {{"A1","B1"},{"A2","B2"},{"A3","B3"}};DefaultTableModel tableModel = new DefaultTableModel(tableValues,columnNames);JTable table = new JTable(tableModel);table.setRowSorter(new TableRowSorter<>(tableModel));scrollPane.setViewportView(table);}
}

24.

package eighteen;import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;public class AddAndDeleteDemo extends JFrame{private DefaultTableModel tableModel;private JTable table;private JTextField aTextField;private JTextField bTextField;public static void main(String[] args) {AddAndDeleteDemo frame = new AddAndDeleteDemo();frame.setVisible(true);}public AddAndDeleteDemo() {setTitle("维护表格模型");setBounds(100,100,520,200);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);final JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();getContentPane().add(scrollPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);String[] columnNames = {"A","B"};String[][] tableValues = {{"A1","B1"},{"A2","B2"},{"A3","B3"}};tableModel = new DefaultTableModel(tableValues,columnNames);table = new JTable(tableModel);table.setRowSorter(new TableRowSorter<>(tableModel));table.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);table.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {int selectedRow = table.getSelectedRow();Object oa = tableModel.getValueAt(selectedRow, 0);Object ob = tableModel.getValueAt(selectedRow, 1);aTextField.setText(oa.toString());bTextField.setText(ob.toString());}});scrollPane.setViewportView(table);JPanel panel = new JPanel();getContentPane().add(panel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);panel.add(new JLabel("A:"));aTextField = new JTextField("A4",10);panel.add(aTextField);panel.add(new JLabel("B:"));bTextField = new JTextField("B4",10);panel.add(bTextField);JButton addButton = new JButton("添加");addButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {String[] rowValues = {aTextField.getText(),bTextField.getText()};tableModel.addRow(rowValues);int rowCount = table.getRowCount() + 1;aTextField.setText("A" + rowCount);bTextField.setText("B" + rowCount);}});panel.add(addButton);JButton upButton = new JButton("修改");upButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int selectedRow = table.getSelectedRow();if(selectedRow != -1) {tableModel.setValueAt(aTextField, selectedRow, 0);tableModel.setValueAt(bTextField, selectedRow, 0);}}});panel.add(upButton);JButton delButton = new JButton("删除");delButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int selectedRow = table.getSelectedRow();if(selectedRow != -1) {tableModel.removeRow(selectedRow);}}});panel.add(delButton);}
}

25.

package eighteen;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class SimpleEvent extends JFrame{private JButton jb = new JButton("我是按鈕");public SimpleEvent(){setLayout(null);setSize(200,100);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);Container cp = getContentPane();cp.add(jb);jb.setBounds(10,10,150,30);jb.addActionListener(new jbAction());setVisible(true);}class jbAction implements ActionListener{public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0){jb.setText("我被點擊了");}}public static void main(String[] args){new SimpleEvent();}
}

26.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;import javax.swing.JButton;
import java.awt.Font;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;import javax.swing.JTextField;/*** 虚拟键盘(键盘的按下与释放)*/
public class KeyBoard extends JFrame { // 创建“键盘”类继承JFrame// 声明窗体中的成员组件private JPanel contentPane;private JTextField textField;private JButton btnQ;private JButton btnW;private JButton btnE;private JButton btnR;private JButton btnT;private JButton btnY;private JButton btnU;private JButton btnI;private JButton btnO;private JButton btnP;private JButton btnA;private JButton btnS;private JButton btnD;private JButton btnF;private JButton btnG;private JButton btnH;private JButton btnJ;private JButton btnK;private JButton btnL;private JButton btnZ;private JButton btnX;private JButton btnC;private JButton btnV;private JButton btnB;private JButton btnN;private JButton btnM;Color green = Color.GREEN;// 定义Color对象，用来表示按下键的颜色Color white = Color.WHITE;// 定义Color对象，用来表示释放键的颜色ArrayList<JButton> btns = new ArrayList<JButton>();// 定义一个集合，用来存储所有的按键ID// 自定义一个方法，用来将容器中的所有JButton组件添加到集合中private void addButtons() {for (Component cmp : contentPane.getComponents()) {// 遍历面板中的所有组件if (cmp instanceof JButton) {// 判断组件的类型是否为JButton类型btns.add((JButton) cmp);// 将JButton组件添加到集合中}}}/*** 主方法*/public static void main(String[] args) {EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { // 使得Runnable中的的run()方法在the system EventQueue的指派线程中被调用public void run() {try {KeyBoard frame = new KeyBoard(); // 创建KeyBoard对象frame.setVisible(true); // 使frame可视frame.addButtons();// 初始化存储所有按键的集合} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});}/*** 创建JFrame窗体*/public KeyBoard() { // KeyBoard的构造方法setTitle("\u865A\u62DF\u952E\u76D8\uFF08\u6A21\u62DF\u952E\u76D8\u7684\u6309\u4E0B\u4E0E\u91CA\u653E\uFF09"); // 设置窗体题目setResizable(false); // 不可改变窗体宽高setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // 设置窗体关闭的方式setBounds(100, 100, 560, 280); // 设置窗体的位置和宽高/*** 创建JPanel面板contentPane置于JFrame窗体中，并设置面板的背景色、边距和布局*/contentPane = new JPanel();contentPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE);contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));setContentPane(contentPane);contentPane.setLayout(null);/*** 创建按钮button置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnQ = new JButton("Q");btnQ.setBackground(white);btnQ.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnQ.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnQ.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnQ.setBounds(0, 60, 47, 45);contentPane.add(btnQ);/*** 创建按钮button_2置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnW = new JButton("W");btnW.setBackground(white);btnW.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnW.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnW.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnW.setBounds(55, 60, 49, 45);contentPane.add(btnW);/*** 创建按钮button_3置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnE = new JButton("E");btnE.setBackground(white);btnE.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnE.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnE.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnE.setBounds(110, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnE);/*** 创建按钮button_4置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnR = new JButton("R");btnR.setBackground(white);btnR.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnR.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnR.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnR.setBounds(165, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnR);/*** 创建按钮button_5置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnF = new JButton("F");btnF.setBackground(white);btnF.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnF.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnF.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnF.setBounds(195, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnF);/*** 创建按钮button_6置于面板contentPane中，设置按钮的背景色、位置、宽高以及按钮中的字体位置、内容、样式*/btnD = new JButton("D");btnD.setBackground(white);btnD.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnD.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnD.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnD.setBounds(137, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnD);btnT = new JButton("T");btnT.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnT.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnT.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnT.setBackground(white);btnT.setBounds(220, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnT);btnY = new JButton("Y");btnY.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnY.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnY.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnY.setBackground(white);btnY.setBounds(275, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnY);btnU = new JButton("U");btnU.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnU.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnU.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnU.setBackground(white);btnU.setBounds(330, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnU);btnI = new JButton("I");btnI.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnI.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnI.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnI.setBackground(white);btnI.setBounds(385, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnI);btnO = new JButton("O");btnO.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnO.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnO.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnO.setBackground(white);btnO.setBounds(440, 60, 46, 45);contentPane.add(btnO);btnP = new JButton("P");btnP.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnP.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnP.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnP.setBackground(white);btnP.setBounds(495, 60, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnP);btnA = new JButton("A");btnA.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnA.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnA.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnA.setBackground(white);btnA.setBounds(23, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnA);btnS = new JButton("S");btnS.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnS.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnS.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnS.setBackground(white);btnS.setBounds(82, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnS);btnG = new JButton("G");btnG.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnG.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnG.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnG.setBackground(white);btnG.setBounds(251, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnG);btnH = new JButton("H");btnH.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnH.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnH.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnH.setBackground(white);btnH.setBounds(306, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnH);btnJ = new JButton("J");btnJ.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnJ.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnJ.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnJ.setBackground(white);btnJ.setBounds(361, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnJ);btnK = new JButton("K");btnK.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnK.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnK.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnK.setBackground(white);btnK.setBounds(416, 125, 47, 45);contentPane.add(btnK);btnL = new JButton("L");btnL.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnL.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnL.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnL.setBackground(white);btnL.setBounds(471, 125, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnL);btnZ = new JButton("Z");btnZ.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnZ.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnZ.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnZ.setBackground(white);btnZ.setBounds(39, 190, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnZ);btnX = new JButton("X");btnX.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnX.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnX.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnX.setBackground(white);btnX.setBounds(107, 190, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnX);btnC = new JButton("C");btnC.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnC.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnC.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnC.setBackground(white);btnC.setBounds(178, 190, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnC);btnV = new JButton("V");btnV.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnV.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnV.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnV.setBackground(white);btnV.setBounds(250, 190, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnV);btnB = new JButton("B");btnB.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnB.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnB.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnB.setBackground(white);btnB.setBounds(315, 190, 45, 45);contentPane.add(btnB);btnN = new JButton("N");btnN.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnN.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnN.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnN.setBackground(white);btnN.setBounds(382, 190, 47, 45);contentPane.add(btnN);btnM = new JButton("M");btnM.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP);btnM.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEADING);btnM.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));btnM.setBackground(white);btnM.setBounds(449, 190, 48, 45);contentPane.add(btnM);/*** 创建面板panel置于面板contentPane中，设置面板panel的位置、宽高、TitledBorder、背景色以及布局方式（边界布局）*/JPanel panel = new JPanel();panel.setBorder(new TitledBorder(null, "文本显示区", TitledBorder.LEADING, TitledBorder.TOP, null, null));panel.setBackground(Color.WHITE);panel.setBounds(0, 0, 540, 45);contentPane.add(panel);panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));/*** 创建文本框textField置于面板panel的中间*/textField = new JTextField();textField.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() { // 文本框添加键盘事件的监听char word;@Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { // 按键被按下时被触发word = e.getKeyChar();// 获取按下键表示的字符for (int i = 0; i < btns.size(); i++) {// 遍历存储按键ID的ArrayList集合// 判断按键是否与遍历到的按键的文本相同if (String.valueOf(word).equalsIgnoreCase(btns.get(i).getText())) {btns.get(i).setBackground(green);// 将指定按键颜色设置为绿色}}}@Overridepublic void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { // 按键被释放时被触发word = e.getKeyChar();// 获取释放键表示的字符for (int i = 0; i < btns.size(); i++) {// 遍历存储按键ID的ArrayList集合// 判断按键是否与遍历到的按键的文本相同if (String.valueOf(word).equalsIgnoreCase(btns.get(i).getText())) {btns.get(i).setBackground(white);// 将指定按键颜色设置为白色}}}});panel.add(textField, BorderLayout.CENTER);textField.setColumns(10);}
}

27.

package eighteen;import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;public class MouseEventDemo extends JFrame { // 继承窗体类JFramepublic static void main(String args[]) {MouseEventDemo frame = new MouseEventDemo();frame.setVisible(true); // 设置窗体可见，默认为不可见}/*** 判断按下的鼠标键，并输出相应提示* * @param e 鼠标事件*/private void mouseOper(MouseEvent e) {int i=e.getButton();if(i==MouseEvent.BUTTON1)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标左键");else if (i==MouseEvent.BUTTON2)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标中键");else if (i==MouseEvent.BUTTON3)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标右键");}public MouseEventDemo() {super(); // 继承父类的构造方法setTitle("鼠标事件示例"); // 设置窗体的标题setBounds(100, 100, 500, 375); // 设置窗体的显示位置及大小// 设置窗体关闭按钮的动作为退出setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);final JLabel label = new JLabel();label.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {@Overridepublic void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("光标移入组件");}@Overridepublic void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标按键被按下，");mouseOper(e);}@Overridepublic void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标按键被释放，");mouseOper(e);}@Overridepublic void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("单机了鼠标按键，");mouseOper(e);int clickCount = e.getClickCount();System.out.println("单机次数为"+clickCount+"下");}@Overridepublic void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("光标移除组件");}});getContentPane().add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);}}

EventDemo();
frame.setVisible(true); // 设置窗体可见，默认为不可见
}

/*** 判断按下的鼠标键，并输出相应提示* * @param e 鼠标事件*/
private void mouseOper(MouseEvent e) {int i=e.getButton();if(i==MouseEvent.BUTTON1)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标左键");else if (i==MouseEvent.BUTTON2)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标中键");else if (i==MouseEvent.BUTTON3)System.out.println("按下的是鼠标右键");
}public MouseEventDemo() {super(); // 继承父类的构造方法setTitle("鼠标事件示例"); // 设置窗体的标题setBounds(100, 100, 500, 375); // 设置窗体的显示位置及大小// 设置窗体关闭按钮的动作为退出setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);final JLabel label = new JLabel();label.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {@Overridepublic void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("光标移入组件");}@Overridepublic void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标按键被按下，");mouseOper(e);}@Overridepublic void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标按键被释放，");mouseOper(e);}@Overridepublic void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("单机了鼠标按键，");mouseOper(e);int clickCount = e.getClickCount();System.out.println("单机次数为"+clickCount+"下");}@Overridepublic void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("光标移除组件");}});getContentPane().add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}