我参与更新 Access 解决方案.它有大量的 VBA、大量的查询、少量的表和一些用于数据输入和数据输入的表单.报告生成.它是 Access 的理想选择.
I'm involved with updating an Access solution. It has a good amount of VBA, a number of queries, a small amount of tables, and a few forms for data entry & report generation. It's an ideal candidate for Access.
我想对表设计、VBA、查询和表单进行更改.如何使用版本控制跟踪我的更改?(我们使用 Subversion，但这适用于任何风格)我可以将整个 mdb 粘贴在 subversion 中，但这将存储一个二进制文件，而且我无法判断我只是更改了一行 VBA 代码.
I want to make changes to the table design, the VBA, the queries, and the forms. How can I track my changes with version control? (we use Subversion, but this goes for any flavor) I can stick the entire mdb in subversion, but that will be storing a binary file, and I won't be able to tell that I just changed one line of VBA code.
我想过将 VBA 代码复制到单独的文件中，然后保存这些文件，但我发现这些代码很快与数据库中的内容不同步.
I thought about copying the VBA code to separate files, and saving those, but I could see those quickly getting out of sync with what's in the database.
推荐答案我们用 VBScript 编写了自己的脚本，该脚本使用 Access 中未记录的 Application.SaveAsText() 导出所有代码、表单、宏和报告模块.在这里，它应该给你一些指示.(请注意:有些消息是德语的，但您可以轻松更改.)
We wrote our own script in VBScript, that uses the undocumented Application.SaveAsText() in Access to export all code, form, macro and report modules. Here it is, it should give you some pointers. (Beware: some of the messages are in german, but you can easily change that.)
总结以下各种评论:我们的项目采用 .adp 文件.为了使用 .mdb/.accdb 进行这项工作，您必须将 OpenAccessProject() 更改为 OpenCurrentDatabase().(更新为使用 OpenAccessProject() 如果看到 .adp 扩展名，否则使用 OpenCurrentDatabase().)
To summarize various comments below: Our Project assumes an .adp-file. In order to get this work with .mdb/.accdb, you have to change OpenAccessProject() to OpenCurrentDatabase(). (Updated to use OpenAccessProject() if it sees a .adp extension, else use OpenCurrentDatabase().)
分解.vbs:
' Usage: ' CScript decompose.vbs <input file> <path> ' Converts all modules, classes, forms and macros from an Access Project file (.adp) <input file> to ' text and saves the results in separate files to <path>. Requires Microsoft Access. ' Option Explicit const acForm = 2 const acModule = 5 const acMacro = 4 const acReport = 3 ' BEGIN CODE Dim fso Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") dim sADPFilename If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 0) then MsgBox "Bitte den Dateinamen angeben!", vbExclamation, "Error" Wscript.Quit() End if sADPFilename = fso.GetAbsolutePathName(WScript.Arguments(0)) Dim sExportpath If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 1) then sExportpath = "" else sExportpath = WScript.Arguments(1) End If exportModulesTxt sADPFilename, sExportpath If (Err <> 0) and (Err.Description <> NULL) Then MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error" Err.Clear End If Function exportModulesTxt(sADPFilename, sExportpath) Dim myComponent Dim sModuleType Dim sTempname Dim sOutstring dim myType, myName, myPath, sStubADPFilename myType = fso.GetExtensionName(sADPFilename) myName = fso.GetBaseName(sADPFilename) myPath = fso.GetParentFolderName(sADPFilename) If (sExportpath = "") then sExportpath = myPath & "Source" End If sStubADPFilename = sExportpath & myName & "_stub." & myType WScript.Echo "copy stub to " & sStubADPFilename & "..." On Error Resume Next fso.CreateFolder(sExportpath) On Error Goto 0 fso.CopyFile sADPFilename, sStubADPFilename WScript.Echo "starting Access..." Dim oApplication Set oApplication = CreateObject("Access.Application") WScript.Echo "opening " & sStubADPFilename & " ..." If (Right(sStubADPFilename,4) = ".adp") Then oApplication.OpenAccessProject sStubADPFilename Else oApplication.OpenCurrentDatabase sStubADPFilename End If oApplication.Visible = false dim dctDelete Set dctDelete = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") WScript.Echo "exporting..." Dim myObj For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllForms WScript.Echo " " & myObj.fullname oApplication.SaveAsText acForm, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".form" oApplication.DoCmd.Close acForm, myObj.fullname dctDelete.Add "FO" & myObj.fullname, acForm Next For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllModules WScript.Echo " " & myObj.fullname oApplication.SaveAsText acModule, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".bas" dctDelete.Add "MO" & myObj.fullname, acModule Next For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllMacros WScript.Echo " " & myObj.fullname oApplication.SaveAsText acMacro, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".mac" dctDelete.Add "MA" & myObj.fullname, acMacro Next For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllReports WScript.Echo " " & myObj.fullname oApplication.SaveAsText acReport, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".report" dctDelete.Add "RE" & myObj.fullname, acReport Next WScript.Echo "deleting..." dim sObjectname For Each sObjectname In dctDelete WScript.Echo " " & Mid(sObjectname, 3) oApplication.DoCmd.DeleteObject dctDelete(sObjectname), Mid(sObjectname, 3) Next oApplication.CloseCurrentDatabase oApplication.CompactRepair sStubADPFilename, sStubADPFilename & "_" oApplication.Quit fso.CopyFile sStubADPFilename & "_", sStubADPFilename fso.DeleteFile sStubADPFilename & "_" End Function Public Function getErr() Dim strError strError = vbCrLf & "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" & vbCrLf & _ "From " & Err.source & ":" & vbCrLf & _ " Description: " & Err.Description & vbCrLf & _ " Code: " & Err.Number & vbCrLf getErr = strError End Function如果你需要一个可点击的命令，而不是使用命令行，用
If you need a clickable Command, instead of using the command line, create a file named "decompose.cmd" with
cscript decompose.vbs youraccessapplication.adp默认情况下，所有导出的文件都进入 Access 应用程序的脚本"子文件夹..adp/mdb 文件也被复制到这个位置(带有stub"后缀)并去除所有导出的模块，使其非常小.
By default, all exported files go into a "Scripts" subfolder of your Access-application. The .adp/mdb file is also copied to this location (with a "stub" suffix) and stripped of all the exported modules, making it really small.
您必须使用源文件签入此存根，因为大多数访问设置和自定义菜单栏无法以任何其他方式导出.如果您确实更改了某些设置或菜单，请确保仅提交对此文件的更改.
You MUST checkin this stub with the source-files, because most access settings and custom menu-bars cannot be exported any other way. Just be sure to commit changes to this file only, if you really changed some setting or menu.
注意:如果您在应用程序中定义了任何 Autoexec-Makros，您可能需要在调用分解时按住 Shift 键以防止它执行和干扰导出！
Note: If you have any Autoexec-Makros defined in your Application, you may have to hold the Shift-key when you invoke the decompose to prevent it from executing and interfering with the export!
当然，还有反向脚本，从源"-目录构建应用程序:
Of course, there is also the reverse script, to build the Application from the "Source"-Directory:
compose.vbs:
compose.vbs:
' Usage: ' WScript compose.vbs <file> <path> ' Converts all modules, classes, forms and macros in a directory created by "decompose.vbs" ' and composes then into an Access Project file (.adp). This overwrites any existing Modules with the ' same names without warning!!! ' Requires Microsoft Access. Option Explicit const acForm = 2 const acModule = 5 const acMacro = 4 const acReport = 3 Const acCmdCompileAndSaveAllModules = &H7E ' BEGIN CODE Dim fso Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") dim sADPFilename If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 0) then MsgBox "Please enter the file name!", vbExclamation, "Error" Wscript.Quit() End if sADPFilename = fso.GetAbsolutePathName(WScript.Arguments(0)) Dim sPath If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 1) then sPath = "" else sPath = WScript.Arguments(1) End If importModulesTxt sADPFilename, sPath If (Err <> 0) and (Err.Description <> NULL) Then MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error" Err.Clear End If Function importModulesTxt(sADPFilename, sImportpath) Dim myComponent Dim sModuleType Dim sTempname Dim sOutstring ' Build file and pathnames dim myType, myName, myPath, sStubADPFilename myType = fso.GetExtensionName(sADPFilename) myName = fso.GetBaseName(sADPFilename) myPath = fso.GetParentFolderName(sADPFilename) ' if no path was given as argument, use a relative directory If (sImportpath = "") then sImportpath = myPath & "Source" End If sStubADPFilename = sImportpath & myName & "_stub." & myType ' check for existing file and ask to overwrite with the stub if (fso.FileExists(sADPFilename)) Then WScript.StdOut.Write sADPFilename & " exists. Overwrite? (y/n) " dim sInput sInput = WScript.StdIn.Read(1) if (sInput <> "y") Then WScript.Quit end if fso.CopyFile sADPFilename, sADPFilename & ".bak" end if fso.CopyFile sStubADPFilename, sADPFilename ' launch MSAccess WScript.Echo "starting Access..." Dim oApplication Set oApplication = CreateObject("Access.Application") WScript.Echo "opening " & sADPFilename & " ..." If (Right(sStubADPFilename,4) = ".adp") Then oApplication.OpenAccessProject sADPFilename Else oApplication.OpenCurrentDatabase sADPFilename End If oApplication.Visible = false Dim folder Set folder = fso.GetFolder(sImportpath) ' load each file from the import path into the stub Dim myFile, objectname, objecttype for each myFile in folder.Files objecttype = fso.GetExtensionName(myFile.Name) objectname = fso.GetBaseName(myFile.Name) WScript.Echo " " & objectname & " (" & objecttype & ")" if (objecttype = "form") then oApplication.LoadFromText acForm, objectname, myFile.Path elseif (objecttype = "bas") then oApplication.LoadFromText acModule, objectname, myFile.Path elseif (objecttype = "mac") then oApplication.LoadFromText acMacro, objectname, myFile.Path elseif (objecttype = "report") then oApplication.LoadFromText acReport, objectname, myFile.Path end if next oApplication.RunCommand acCmdCompileAndSaveAllModules oApplication.Quit End Function Public Function getErr() Dim strError strError = vbCrLf & "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" & vbCrLf & _ "From " & Err.source & ":" & vbCrLf & _ " Description: " & Err.Description & vbCrLf & _ " Code: " & Err.Number & vbCrLf getErr = strError End Function同样，这与包含:
cscript compose.vbs youraccessapplication.adp它会要求您确认是否覆盖当前的应用程序并首先创建备份(如果这样做).然后它收集源目录中的所有源文件并将它们重新插入存根.
It asks you to confirm overwriting your current application and first creates a backup, if you do. It then collects all source-files in the Source-Directory and re-inserts them into the stub.
玩得开心！
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