如何从.Net Core 3制作Windows服务

本文介绍了如何从.Net Core 3制作Windows服务的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

最近，我需要将.Net Core 3.0控制台应用程序转换为Windows服务.

Recently I had a need to convert a .Net Core 3.0 console application into a Windows Service.

由于我不需要将此过程移植到Linux，因此我可以省去我在Stackoverflow上看到的涉及.Net Framework，.Net Standard和.Net Core任意组合的多平台解决方案.

As I didn't have a requirement to port this process to Linux, I could dispense with the multiple platform solutions that I had seen on Stackoverflow that dealt with any combination of .Net Framework, .Net Standard and .Net Core.

Visual Studio 2019即将推出一个工作程序模板.由于它是预发布版本，因此会存在一些潜在的稳定性问题.我无法使用其中的一种参考，因此，在模板稳定之前，我在下面提出的解决方案就足够了.(请参见 devblogs.microsoft/aspnet/net-core-workers-as-windows-services/)

There is coming up for Visual Studio 2019 a worker template. As it is pre-release, there will be some potential stability issues. I could not get one of the references to work, so the solution I pose below should suffice until the template is stable. (see devblogs.microsoft/aspnet/net-core-workers-as-windows-services/)

推荐答案

• 首先在Visual Studio 2019中创建.Net Core控制台应用程序.使用前，您需要安装.Net Core 3 SDK.还确保通过在工具"->选项"->预览功能"，使用.NET Core SDK的预览"中指定设置来引用.Net Core 3预览
• 将语言版本设置为至少7.1，以支持Main方法的异步任务.(从项目设置->构建->高级->语言设置中访问语言版本)..Net Core 3和Visual Studio 2019支持C#8.0
• 添加Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting和System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController程序包.

现在转到Program.cs并复制以下内容:

Now go to Program.cs and copy the following:

using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting; namespace AdvancedHost { internal class Program { private static async Task Main(string[] args) { var isService = !(Debugger.IsAttached || args.Contains("--console")); var builder = new HostBuilder() .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) => { services.AddHostedService<LoggingService>(); }); if (isService) { await builder.RunAsServiceAsync(); } else { await builder.RunConsoleAsync(); } } } }

此代码将支持交互式调试和生产执行，并运行示例类LoggingService.

This code will support interactive debugging and production execution, and runs the example class LoggingService.

这是服务本身的骨架示例:

Here is a skeleton example of the service itself:

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting; using System; using System.IO; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Collections.Concurrent; namespace AdvancedHost { public class LoggingService : IHostedService, IDisposable { public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { // Startup code return Task.CompletedTask; } public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { // Stop timers, services return Task.CompletedTask; } public void Dispose() { // dispose of non-managed resources } } }

完成项目所需的最后两个文件:

The final two files necessary to complete the project:

ServiceBaseLifetime.cs:

ServiceBaseLifetime.cs:

using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting; using System; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace AdvancedHost { public class ServiceBaseLifetime : ServiceBase, IHostLifetime { private readonly TaskCompletionSource<object> _delayStart = new TaskCompletionSource<object>(); public ServiceBaseLifetime(IApplicationLifetime applicationLifetime) { ApplicationLifetime = applicationLifetime ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(applicationLifetime)); } private IApplicationLifetime ApplicationLifetime { get; } public Task WaitForStartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.Register(() => _delayStart.TrySetCanceled()); ApplicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(Stop); new Thread(Run).Start(); // Otherwise this would block and prevent IHost.StartAsync from finishing. return _delayStart.Task; } private void Run() { try { Run(this); // This blocks until the service is stopped. _delayStart.TrySetException(new InvalidOperationException("Stopped without starting")); } catch (Exception ex) { _delayStart.TrySetException(ex); } } public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { Stop(); return Task.CompletedTask; } // Called by base.Run when the service is ready to start. protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { _delayStart.TrySetResult(null); base.OnStart(args); } // Called by base.Stop. This may be called multiple times by service Stop, ApplicationStopping, and StopAsync. // That's OK because StopApplication uses a CancellationTokenSource and prevents any recursion. protected override void OnStop() { ApplicationLifetime.StopApplication(); base.OnStop(); } } }

ServiceBaseLifetimeHostExtensions.cs:

ServiceBaseLifetimeHostExtensions.cs:

using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting; namespace AdvancedHost { public static class ServiceBaseLifetimeHostExtensions { public static IHostBuilder UseServiceBaseLifetime(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder) { return hostBuilder.ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) => services.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, ServiceBaseLifetime>()); } public static Task RunAsServiceAsync(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { return hostBuilder.UseServiceBaseLifetime().Build().RunAsync(cancellationToken); } } }

为了维护服务，我使用了"sc"实用程序:要创建:sc创建AdvancedHost binPath ="C:\ temp \ AdvancedHost \ AdvancedHost.exe"其中"AdvancedHost"是服务名称，binPath的值是已编译的可执行文件.

To maintain the service I use the 'sc' utility: To create: sc create AdvancedHost binPath="C:\temp\AdvancedHost\AdvancedHost.exe" where 'AdvancedHost' is the service name and the value for binPath is the compiled executable.

有关状态:sc查询AdvancedHost

For status: sc query AdvancedHost

要开始:sc启动AdvancedHost

To start: sc start AdvancedHost

要停止:sc停止AdvancedHost

To stop: sc stop AdvancedHost

要删除(一旦停止):sc删除AdvancedHost

To delete (once stopped): sc delete AdvancedHost

sc中包含更多功能；只需在命令行上单独输入"sc"即可.sc的结果可以在Windows服务控制台中看到.

There are many more features contained in sc; just type 'sc' alone on the command line. The results of sc can be seen in the services Windows control panel.