使用PowerMock模拟私有方法，但仍会调用底层方法

本文介绍了使用PowerMock模拟私有方法，但仍会调用底层方法的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

我正在试图模拟出一个正在进行JNDI调用的私有方法。当从单元测试调用该方法时，它会抛出异常^。我想嘲笑这种方法用于测试目的。我使用来自其他问题的示例代码回答，当测试通过时，似乎仍然会调用底层方法。我在 doTheGamble（）方法中插入了 System.err.println（），然后将其打印到我的控制台。

I am trying to mocking to mock out a private method that is making a JNDI call. When that method gets called from a unit test, it throws an exception^. I would like to mock-out that method for testing purposes. I used the sample code from another questions answer, and while the test passes, it seems that the underlying method still gets called. I inserted a System.err.println() in the doTheGamble() method, and it gets printed out to my console.

有趣的是，如果我注释掉第一个 assertThat ，则测试通过。 ？:(

Interesting enough, if I comment out the first assertThat, the test passes. ?:(

那么，如何模拟私有方法以便不调用它？

So, how do I mock out a private method so that it does not get called?

import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is; import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat; import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt; import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString; import static org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.when; import static org.powermock.api.support.membermodification.MemberMatcher.method; import java.util.Random; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito; import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest; import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner; @RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) @PrepareForTest(CodeWithPrivateMethod.class) public class PowerMock_Test { static boolean gambleCalled = false; @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class) public void when_gambling_is_true_then_always_explode() throws Exception { CodeWithPrivateMethod spy = PowerMockito.spy(new CodeWithPrivateMethod()); when(spy, method(CodeWithPrivateMethod.class, "doTheGamble", String.class, int.class)) .withArguments(anyString(), anyInt()) .thenReturn(true); /* 1 */ assertThat( PowerMock_Test.gambleCalled, is(false) ); spy.meaningfulPublicApi(); /* 2 */ assertThat( PowerMock_Test.gambleCalled, is(false) ); } } class CodeWithPrivateMethod { public void meaningfulPublicApi() { if (doTheGamble("Whatever", 1 << 3)) { throw new RuntimeException("boom"); } } private boolean doTheGamble(String whatever, int binary) { Random random = new Random(System.nanoTime()); boolean gamble = random.nextBoolean(); System.err.println( "\n>>> GAMBLE CALLED <<<\n" ); PowerMock_Test.gambleCalled = true; return gamble; } }

^可以理解，因为我的工作区不支持JNDI，只有生产环境

^ understandably, since my workspace does not support JNDI, only the production environment does

％我使用的是所有库的最新版本，JUnit 4.10，Mockito 1.8.5，Hamcrest 1.1，Javassist 3.15.0和PowerMock 1.4.10。

% I am using the latest versions of all the library, JUnit 4.10, Mockito 1.8.5, Hamcrest 1.1, Javassist 3.15.0, and PowerMock 1.4.10.

推荐答案

来自 PowerMock私有方法示例：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) // We prepare PartialMockClass for test because it's final or we need to mock private or static methods @PrepareForTest(PartialMockClass.class) public class YourTestCase { @Test public void privatePartialMockingWithPowerMock() { PartialMockClass classUnderTest = PowerMockito.spy(new PartialMockClass()); // use PowerMockito to set up your expectation PowerMockito.doReturn(value).when(classUnderTest, "methodToMock", "parameter1"); // execute your test classUnderTest.execute(); // Use PowerMockito.verify() to verify result PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(classUnderTest, times(2)).invoke("methodToMock", "parameter1"); }

因此，要将此应用于您的代码，我认为它可能会变成：

So to apply this to your code, I think it might become:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) @PrepareForTest(CodeWithPrivateMethod.class) public class PowerMock_Test { @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class) public void when_gambling_is_true_then_always_explode() throws Exception { CodeWithPrivateMethod spy = PowerMockito.spy(new CodeWithPrivateMethod()); PowerMockito.doReturn(true).when(spy, "doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt()); /* 1 */ PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(spy, times(0)).invoke("doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt()); spy.meaningfulPublicApi(); /* 2 */ PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(spy, times(2)).invoke("doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt()); } }

我刚刚在编辑器中对此进行了编码。实际上没有运行任何测试，并且在编写此代码时没有任何错误。

I just coded that in the editor here. No tests have actually been run, and no bugs have been harmed in the crafting of this code.