为什么gitignore在这种情况下工作？

我认为将这一规则添加到.gitignore就足够了：

但它仅捕获顶级.idea / workspace.xml（git status显示someapp / src / .idea / workspace.xml为未跟踪）。

• [...] $ b
• 如果模式不包含斜杠/，git会将其视为shell glob模式，并检查与路径名相对于.gitignore文件位置的匹配（相对于工作树的顶层if而不是来自.gitignore文件）。
• 否则，git会将该模式视为适合fnmatch（3）与FNM_PATHNAME标志使用的shell glob：模式中的通配符不会与路径名中的/匹配。 [b]

只要路径包含斜线，Git就不会再检查匹配的路径，而是直接使用glob行为。因此，您无法匹配 .idea / workspace.xml ，但仅适用于 workspace.xml 。

Git手册：gitignore 。

I have two files I wish to ignore:

• .idea/workspace.xml
• someapp/src/.idea/workspace.xml

I thought adding this single rule to .gitignore will suffice:

But it only catches the top-level .idea/workspace.xml (git status shows someapp/src/.idea/workspace.xml as untracked).

I also tried **/.idea/workspace.xml, but this doesn't work at all. Help?

• […]
• If the pattern does not contain a slash /, git treats it as a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the pathname relative to the location of the .gitignore file (relative to the toplevel of the work tree if not from a .gitignore file).
• Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag: wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname. […]

As soon as the path contains a slash, Git will no longer check for a match in the path but instead will use the glob behaviour directly. As such, you cannot match for .idea/workspace.xml but only for workspace.xml.

Git manual: gitignore.