使用awk将列转换为矩阵格式

本文介绍了使用awk将列转换为矩阵格式的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

我有一个列格式的网格数据文件，如下:

I have a gridded data file in column format as:

ifile.txt x y value 20.5 20.5 -4.1 21.5 20.5 -6.2 22.5 20.5 0.0 20.5 21.5 1.2 21.5 21.5 4.3 22.5 21.5 6.0 20.5 22.5 7.0 21.5 22.5 10.4 22.5 22.5 16.7

我想将其转换为矩阵格式，如下:

I would like to convert it to matrix format as:

ofile.txt 20.5 21.5 22.5 20.5 -4.1 1.2 7.0 21.5 -6.2 4.3 10.4 22.5 0.0 6.0 16.7

顶部的20.5 21.5 22.5表示y，侧面的值表示x，内部的值表示对应的网格值.

Where top 20.5 21.5 22.5 indicate y and side values indicate x and the inside values indicate the corresponding grid values.

我在这里找到了类似的问题将3列文件转换为矩阵格式，但该脚本在我的情况下不起作用.

I found a similar question here Convert a 3 column file to matrix format but the script is not working in my case.

脚本是

awk '{ h[$1,$2] = h[$2,$1] = $3 } END { for(i=1; i<=$1; i++) { for(j=1; j<=$2; j++) printf h[i,j] OFS printf "\n" } }' ifile

推荐答案

以下awk脚本句柄:

• 任何大小的矩阵
• 行索引和列索引之间没有关系，因此可以分别跟踪它们.
• 如果未出现某个行列索引，则该值将默认为零.

这是通过以下方式完成的:

This is done in this way:

awk ' BEGIN{PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_num_asc"} (NR==1){next} {row[$1]=1;col[$2]=1;val[$1" "$2]=$3} END { printf "%8s",""; for (j in col) { printf "%8.3f",j }; printf "\n" for (i in row) { printf "%8.3f",i; for (j in col) { printf "%8.3f",val[i" "j] }; printf "\n" } }' <file>

它是如何工作的:

• PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_num_asc"，指出所有数组均按索引按数字排序.
• (NR==1){next}:跳过第一行
• {row[$1]=1;col[$2]=1;val[$1" "$2]=$3}，通过存储行和列索引以及随附的值来处理行.
• end语句完成所有打印.

• PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_num_asc", states that all arrays are sorted numerically by index.
• (NR==1){next} : skip the first line
• {row[$1]=1;col[$2]=1;val[$1" "$2]=$3}, process the line by storing the row and column index and accompanying value.
• The end statement does all the printing.

这将输出:

20.500 21.500 22.500 20.500 -4.100 1.200 7.000 21.500 -6.200 4.300 10.400 22.500 0.000 6.000 16.700

注意:PROCINFO的使用是gawk功能.

但是，如果您做几个假设，则可以做得更短:

However, if you make a couple of assumptions, you can do it much shorter:

• 该文件包含所有可能的条目，没有丢失的值
• 您不希望打印出行和列的索引:
• 索引按列主要顺序
进行排序>

• the file contains all possible entries, no missing values
• you do not want the indices of the rows and columns printed out:
• the indices are sorted in column-major-order

您可以使用以下简短版本:

The you can use the following short versions:

sort -g <file> | awk '($1+0!=$1){next} ($1!=o)&&(NR!=1){printf "\n"} {printf "%8.3f",$3; o=$1 }'

输出

-4.100 1.200 7.000 -6.200 4.300 10.400 0.000 6.000 16.700

或换位:

awk '(NR==1){next} ($2!=o)&&(NR!=2){printf "\n"} {printf "%8.3f",$3; o=$2 }' <file>

此输出

-4.100 -6.200 0.000 1.200 4.300 6.000 7.000 10.400 16.700