Javascript中的通配符字符串比较

本文介绍了Javascript中的通配符字符串比较的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

假设我有一个包含许多字符串的数组，其中包括birdBlue，birdRed和其他一些动物，如pig1，pig2。

let's say I have an array with many Strings Called "birdBlue", "birdRed" and some other animals like "pig1", "pig2).

现在我运行一个遍历数组的for循环，并返回所有的鸟。这里有什么比较有意义？

Now I run a for loop that goes through the array and should return all birds. What comparison would make sense here?

动物==鸟* 是我的第一个想法，但不起作用。有没有办法使用运算符*（或者是否有类似的东西使用？

Animals == "bird*" was my first idea but doesnt work. Is there a way to use the operator * (or is there something similar to use?

推荐答案

我认为你的意思是*（星号）作为通配符，例如：

I think you meant something like "*" (star) as a wildcard for example:

• a * b=>以a开头并以b结尾的所有内容
• a *=>以a开头的所有内容
• * b=>以b结尾的所有内容
• * a *=>其中包含a的所有内容
• * a * b *=>其中包含a的所有内容，后跟任何内容，后跟b，后跟任何内容

• "a*b" => everything that starts with "a" and ends with "b"
• "a*" => everything that starts with "a"
• "*b" => everything that ends with "b"
• "*a*" => everything that has an "a" in it
• "*a*b*"=> everything that has an "a" in it, followed by anything, followed by a "b", followed by anything

或在你的例子中：bird *=>所有开始的东西ith bird

or in your example: "bird*" => everything that starts with bird

我遇到了类似的问题并用RegExp写了一个函数：

I had a similar problem and wrote a function with RegExp:

//Short code function matchRuleShort(str, rule) { return new RegExp("^" + rule.split("*").join(".*") + "$").test(str); } //Explanation code function matchRuleExpl(str, rule) { // "." => Find a single character, except newline or line terminator // ".*" => Matches any string that contains zero or more characters rule = rule.split("*").join(".*"); // "^" => Matches any string with the following at the beginning of it // "$" => Matches any string with that in front at the end of it rule = "^" + rule + "$" //Create a regular expression object for matching string var regex = new RegExp(rule); //Returns true if it finds a match, otherwise it returns false return regex.test(str); } //Examples alert( "1. " + matchRuleShort("bird123", "bird*") + "\n" + "2. " + matchRuleShort("123bird", "*bird") + "\n" + "3. " + matchRuleShort("123bird123", "*bird*") + "\n" + "4. " + matchRuleShort("bird123bird", "bird*bird") + "\n" + "5. " + matchRuleShort("123bird123bird123", "*bird*bird*") + "\n" );

如果你想阅读有关使用函数的更多信息：

If you want to read more about the used functions:

• RegExp^，。，*，$
• string split（*）
• 数组连接（。*）
• new RegExp（pattern [，flags]）
• RegExpObject.test（string）

• RegExp "^, ., *, $"
• string split("*")
• array join(".*")
• new RegExp(pattern[, flags])
• RegExpObject.test(string)