我有一个需要插入多个记录的场景。我有一个表格结构,例如id(其他表格中的fk),键(字符),值(字符)。需要保存的输入将是上述数据的数组。例如:我有一些数组对象,例如:
I have a scenario in which I need to insert multiple records. I have a table structure like id (it's fk from other table), key(char), value(char). The input which needs to be saved would be array of above data. example: I have some array objects like:
lst = []; obj = {}; obj.id= 123; obj.key = 'somekey'; obj.value = '1234'; lst.push(obj); obj = {}; obj.id= 123; obj.key = 'somekey1'; obj.value = '12345'; lst.push(obj);
在MS SQL中,我会已创建并通过了TVP。我不知道如何在Postgres中取得成就。 现在,我想做的是使用pg-promise库将列表中的所有项目保存在postgres sql的单个查询中。我找不到任何文档/无法从文档中了解。任何帮助表示赞赏。谢谢。
In MS SQL, I would have created TVP and passed it. I don't know how to achieve in postgres. So now what I want to do is save all the items from the list in single query in postgres sql, using pg-promise library. I'm not able to find any documentation / understand from documentation. Any help appreciated. Thanks.
推荐答案我是 pg-promise 。
有两种插入多个记录的方法。第一种也是最典型的方法是通过事务,以确保正确插入所有记录,或确保没有插入所有记录。
There are two ways to insert multiple records. The first, and most typical way is via a transaction, to make sure all records are inserted correctly, or none of them.
使用 pg-promise 可以通过以下方式完成:
With pg-promise it is done in the following way:
db.tx(t => { const queries = lst.map(l => { return t.none('INSERT INTO table(id, key, value) VALUES(${id}, ${key}, ${value})', l); }); return t.batch(queries); }) .then(data => { // SUCCESS // data = array of null-s }) .catch(error => { // ERROR });您可以使用方法 tx ,然后创建所有 INSERT 查询承诺,然后将它们全部解析为批量。
You initiate a transaction with method tx, then create all INSERT query promises, and then resolve them all as a batch.
第二种方法是将所有插入值连接到单个 INSERT 查询中,我在性能提升。另请参见:带有pg-promise的多行插入。
The second approach is by concatenating all insert values into a single INSERT query, which I explain in detail in Performance Boost. See also: Multi-row insert with pg-promise.
有关更多示例,请参见任务和交易 。
For more examples see Tasks and Transactions.
加法
值得指出的是,在大多数情况下,不要插入记录 id ,而是自动生成记录。有时我们想找回新的id,而在其他情况下我们不在乎。
It is worth pointing out that in most cases we do not insert a record id, rather have it generated automatically. Sometimes we want to get the new id-s back, and in other cases we don't care.
上面的示例使用空 -s,因为批量可以解决包含一系列单独的结果,并且方法无解析为 null ,根据其API。
The examples above resolve with an array of null-s, because batch resolves with an array of individual results, and method none resolves with null, according to its API.
让我们假设我们要生成新的id,并且我们想要让他们都回来。为此,我们将代码更改为以下代码:
Let's assume that we want to generate the new id-s, and that we want to get them all back. To accomplish this we would change the code to the following:
db.tx(t => { const queries = lst.map(l => { return t.one('INSERT INTO table(key, value) VALUES(${key}, ${value}) RETURNING id', l, a => +a.id); }); return t.batch(queries); }) .then(data => { // SUCCESS // data = array of new id-s; }) .catch(error => { // ERROR });即更改如下:
- 我们不插入 id 值
- 我们将方法无替换为一个,从每个插入中获取一行/对象 >
- 我们在查询中附加 RETURNING id 以获取值
- 我们添加 a => + a.id 进行自动行转换。另请参见 pg-promise将整数作为字符串返回,以了解 + 用于。
- we do not insert the id values
- we replace method none with one, to get one row/object from each insert
- we append RETURNING id to the query to get the value
- we add a => +a.id to do the automatic row transformation. See also pg-promise returns integers as strings to understand what that + is for.
UPDATE-1
有关通过单个 INSERT 查询的高性能方法,请参见具有pg-promise的多行插入。
For a high-performance approach via a single INSERT query see Multi-row insert with pg-promise.
UPDATE- 2
必读文章:数据导入。
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