我试图在OSX上的rails上安装ruby for heroku ，我为此使用了本教程 。它似乎在终端上安装正常，但在做完之后
$ rails new myapp --database = postgresql cd myapp我做了这个
rails生成控制器欢迎出现错误：
在本机上可用的宝石中找不到gem'spring（> = 0）ruby'。 Run bundle install 安装缺失的宝石。
我得到了
'安装pg（0.17.1）时发生错误，并且Bundler无法继续。 确保`gem install pg -v'0.17.1'`在捆绑之前成功。'然后...
错误：安装pg时出错：错误：无法构建gem原生扩展。 ... 找不到'libpq-fe.h头文件 *** extconf.rb失败*** 无法创建Makefile出于某种原因，可能缺乏必要的库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能需要配置选项。类似的SO问题表示问题已通过更新XCode解决，但我不认为这是我的问题。如果它还不是很明显，我对终端或红宝石的使用经验不是很了解，所以我不确定该如何解决这个问题。
编辑：
新的错误信息
Gem :: Ext :: BuildError：错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb 检查pg_config ... yes 使用/ usr / local / bin / pg_config *** extconf.rb失败*** 由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能需要配置选项。...
/Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in`try_do'：编译器无法生成可执行文件。 （RuntimeError）您必须先安装开发工具。 $ / b / b from /Users/mahireusufzai/版本/ 2.1.1 / lib / ruby / 2.1.0 / mkmf.rb：556：在`try_link'从extconf.rb：39：在`< main>' extconf失败，退出代码1 Gem文件将保持安装在/Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/pg-0.17。 1进行检查。解决方案
您需要先安装postgresql开发库。它抱怨缺少libpq-fe.h。
尝试按照以下文章中的答案解决： Rails：安装pg gem时出错
I'm trying to install ruby on rails on OSX for heroku, for which I used this tutorial. It seemed to install fine on the terminal, but after doing
$rails new myapp --database=postgresql cd myappI did this
rails generate controller welcomeand got an error:
Could not find gem 'spring (>= 0) ruby' in the gems available on this machine. Runbundle installto install missing gems.
And after following the instructions, I got
'An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.1), and Bundler cannot continue. Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.1'` succeeds before bundling.'And then...
ERROR: Error installing pg: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. ... Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options.A similar SO question said the problem was solved by updating XCode, but I don't think that's my problem. If it wasn't already apparent, I'm not very experienced with the terminal or ruby, so I'm not sure how I can approach this issue.
EDIT:
new error message
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for pg_config... yes Using config values from /usr/local/bin/pg_config *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options....
/Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError) You have to install development tools first. from /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:541:in `try_link0' from /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/2.1.0/mkmf.rb:556:in `try_link' from extconf.rb:39:in `<main>' extconf failed, exit code 1 Gem files will remain installed in /Users/mahireusufzai/.rbenv/versions/2.1.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/pg-0.17.1 for inspection.解决方案
You need to install the postgresql development libraries first. It's complaining libpq-fe.h is missing.
Try to solve as per the answer in the following post: Rails: Error installing pg gem
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