virtio、emulated

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问题描述

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我无法弄清楚 virtio、模拟 IO、直接 I/O、I/O 直通、SR-IOV 之间的区别，谁能帮忙

I can't figure out the difference between virtio, emulated-IO, direct I/O, I/O passthrough, SR-IOV, can anybody help

推荐答案

virtio 是一个位于 KVM 管理程序中的虚拟化驱动程序.

virtio is a virtualized driver that lives in the KVM Hypervisor.

模拟 IO 是例如虚拟以太网控制器您将在虚拟机中找到.

An emulated-IO is for example the virtual Ethernet Controller that you will find in a Virtual Machine.

直接 I/O 是在一个内部进行直接 I/O 操作的概念.虚拟机.一个例子可以是对内存空间的直接内存访问虚拟机.

direct I/O is the concept of having a direct I/O operation inside a VM. An example can be a Direct Memory Access to the memory space of a VM.

I/O 直通或 PCI 直通是一种公开
虚拟机内的物理设备，绕过
的管理管理程序.VM 将直接看到物理硬件.为了那个原因相应的驱动程序应安装在客户操作系统中.作为虚拟机管理程序将被绕过，该设备内部的性能虚拟机比模拟设备要好得多.

I/O passthrough, or PCI-passthrough, is the technology to expose a
physical device inside a VM, bypassing the management of the
Hypervisor. The VM will see the physical hardware directly. For that the corresponding driver should be installed in the guest OS. As the hypervisor will be bypassed, the performance with this device inside the VM is way better than with an emulated device.

用于单根 I/O 虚拟化的 SR-IOV 是一项技术，您可以可以在多个副本中公开一个物理设备，可以使用个人.例如对于 NIC(网络接口卡)，使用SR-IOV 您可以创建同一设备的多个副本.所以，你可以在不同的虚拟机中使用所有这些副本，就像你有几个物理设备.与 PCI-Passthrough 一样，性能有所提高.

SR-IOV for Single Root-I/O Virtualization is a technology where you can expose a physical device in several copies, which can be used individualy. For example with a NIC (Network Interface Card), using SR-IOV you can create several copies of the same device. Therefore, you can use all those copies inside different VMs as if you had several physical device. The performance are increased as with a PCI-Passthrough.

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