爬虫——Scrapy框架案例二：阳光问政平台

爬虫——Scrapy框架案例二：阳光问政平台"/>

爬虫——Scrapy框架案例二：阳光问政平台

阳光热线问政平台

URL地址：.php/question/questionType?type=4&page=

爬取字段：帖子的编号、投诉类型、帖子的标题、帖子的URL地址、部门、状态、网友、时间。

1.items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# .htmlimport scrapyclass SunwzspiderItem(scrapy.Item):# define the fields for your item here like:# 爬取投诉帖子的编号、投诉类型、帖子的标题、帖子的URL、部门、状态、网友、时间。# 帖子的编号post_id = scrapy.Field()# 投诉类型post_type = scrapy.Field()# 帖子的标题post_title = scrapy.Field()# 帖子的URLpost_url = scrapy.Field()# 部门sector = scrapy.Field()# 状态post_state = scrapy.Field()# 网友net_friend = scrapy.Field()# 时间post_time = scrapy.Field()

2.spiders/sunwz.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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from sunwzSpider.items import SunwzspiderItemclass SunwzSpider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'sunwz'allowed_domains = ['wz.sun0769.com']url = ".php/question/questionType?type=4&page="offset = 0start_urls = [url + str(offset)]def parse(self, response):table = response.xpath("//table[@width='98%']")[0]trs = table.xpath("./tr")# 是否爬取下一页的标记next_flag = Falsefor tr in trs:next_flag = Truetry:item = SunwzspiderItem()# 帖子的编号post_id = tr.xpath("./td/text()").extract()[0]td2 = tr.xpath("./td")[1]# 投诉类型post_type = td2.xpath("./a/text()").extract()[0]# 帖子的标题post_title = td2.xpath("./a/text()").extract()[1]# 帖子的URLpost_url = td2.xpath("./a/@href").extract()[1]# 部门sector = td2.xpath("./a/text()").extract()[2]td3 = tr.xpath("./td")[2]# 状态post_state = td3.xpath("./span/text()").extract()[0]# 网友net_friend = tr.xpath("./td/text()").extract()[3]# 时间post_time = tr.xpath("./td/text()").extract()[4]item["post_id"] = post_iditem["post_type"] = post_typeitem["post_title"] = post_titleitem["post_url"] = post_urlitem["sector"] = sectoritem["post_state"] = post_stateitem["net_friend"] = net_frienditem["post_time"] = post_timeyield itemexcept:pass# 判断是否继续爬取下一页if next_flag:self.offset += 30yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset), callback = self.parse)

3.pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: .htmlimport jsonclass SunwzspiderPipeline(object):def __init__(self):self.file = open("阳光问政平台.json", "w", encoding = "utf-8")self.first_flag = Truedef process_item(self, item, spider):if self.first_flag:self.first_flag = Falsecontent = "[\n" + json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii = False)else:content = ",\n" + json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii = False)self.file.write(content)return itemdef close_spider(self, spider):self.file.write("\n]")self.file.close()

4.settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Scrapy settings for sunwzSpider project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     .html
#     .html
#     .htmlBOT_NAME = 'sunwzSpider'SPIDER_MODULES = ['sunwzSpider.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'sunwzSpider.spiders'# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'sunwzSpider (+)'# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See .html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 2
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8','User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36'
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
}# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See .html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'sunwzSpider.middlewares.SunwzspiderSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See .html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'sunwzSpider.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}# Enable or disable extensions
# See .html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}# Configure item pipelines
# See .html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {'sunwzSpider.pipelines.SunwzspiderPipeline': 300,
}# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See .html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See .html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'