makefile 中 -I 和 -L 标志的用途是什么?
What is the usage of the -I and -L flags in a makefile?
推荐答案这些通常是链接器命令行的一部分,或者直接在目标操作中提供,或者更常见地分配给 make 将被扩展以形成链接命令的变量.在这种情况下:
These are typically part of the linker command line, and are either supplied directly in a target action, or more commonly assigned to a make variable that will be expanded to form link command. In that case:
-L 是包含库的目录的路径.库的搜索路径.
-L is the path to the directories containing the libraries. A search path for libraries.
-l 是您要链接的库的名称.
-l is the name of the library you want to link to.
例如,如果您想链接到库 ~/libs/libabc.a,您需要添加:
For instance, if you want to link to the library ~/libs/libabc.a you'd add:
-L$(HOME)/libs -labc要利用默认的隐式链接规则,请将这些标志添加到变量 LDFLAGS,如
To take advantage of the default implicit rule for linking, add these flags to the variable LDFLAGS, as in
LDFLAGS+=-L$(HOME)/libs -labc把LDFLAGS和LIBS分开是个好习惯,例如
It's a good habit to separate LDFLAGS and LIBS, for example
# LDFLAGS contains flags passed to the compiler for use during linking LDFLAGS = -Wl,--hash-style=both # LIBS contains libraries to link with LIBS = -L$(HOME)/libs -labc program: a.o b.o c.o $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(LIBS) -o $@ # or if you really want to call ld directly, # $(LD) $(LDFLAGS:-Wl,%=%) $^ $(LIBS) -o $@即使它可能以其他方式工作,-l... 指令也应该在引用这些符号的对象之后.如果链接以错误的顺序完成,一些优化(-Wl,--as-needed 是最明显的)将失败.
Even if it may work otherwise, the -l... directives are supposed to go after the objects that reference those symbols. Some optimizations (-Wl,--as-needed is the most obvious) will fail if linking is done in the wrong order.
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