Python包依赖关系树

本文介绍了Python包依赖关系树的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述

我想分析Python软件包的依赖关系树。我如何获取这些数据？

I would like to analyze the dependency tree of Python packages. How can I obtain this data?

我已经知道的事情

setup.py 有时包含一个 requires 字段，其中列出了程序包的依赖项

PyPi是一个Python软件包的在线存储库

PyPi具有API

setup.py sometimes contains a requires field that lists package dependencies

PyPi is an online repository of Python packages

PyPi has an API

我不知道的事情

PyPi上的极少数项目（约10％）在要求字段，但 pip / easy_install 仍然可以下载正确的软件包。我想念什么？例如，流行的统计计算库 pandas 没有列出 requires ，但仍设法安装了 numpy ， pytz 等。是否有更好的方法来自动收集依赖项的完整列表？

某处是否存在预先存在的数据库？我要重复现有的工作吗？

使用分发系统（R，Clojure等）是否存在类似的，易于访问的其他语言的数据库？

Very few projects (around 10%) on PyPi explicitly list dependencies in the requires field but pip/easy_install still manage to download the correct packages. What am I missing? For example the popular library for statistical computing, pandas, doesn't list requires but still manages to install numpy, pytz, etc.... Is there a better way to automatically collect the full list of dependencies?

Is there a pre-existing database somewhere? Am I repeating existing work?

Do similar, easily accessible, databases exist for other languages with distribution systems (R, Clojure, etc...?)

推荐答案

您应该查看 install_requires 字段 ，请参见新的和已更改的设置关键字。

You should be looking at the install_requires field instead, see New and changed setup keywords.

需要被认为过于模糊依赖进行依赖项安装。另外，还有 setup_requires 和 test_requires 字段，用于 setup.py所需的依赖项和用于运行测试。

requires is deemed too vague a field to rely on for dependency installation. In addition, there are setup_requires and test_requires fields for dependencies required for setup.py and for running tests.

当然，以前已经对依赖图进行了分析；摘自Olivier Girardot的这篇博客文章出现了这张奇妙的图片：

Certainly, the dependency graph has been analyzed before; from this blog article by Olivier Girardot comes this fantastic image:

img src = ogirardot.files.wordpress/2013/01/pypi-deps.png?w=480&h=480 alt = PyPI依赖关系> 图片链接到图形的交互式版本。

The image is linked to the interactive version of the graph.