Nginx系列教程（07）

教程（07）"/>

Nginx系列教程（07）

1. Location的作用

Location指令的作用是根据用户请求的URI来执行不同的应用，也就是根据用户请求的网站URL进行匹配，匹配成功即进行相关的操作。

2.Location的语法

• 以=开头表示精确匹配,如 A 中只匹配根目录结尾的请求，后面不能带任何字符串。
• ^~开头表示uri以某个常规字符串开头，不是正则匹配
• ~ 开头表示区分大小写的正则匹配;
• ~* 开头表示不区分大小写的正则匹配
• / 通用匹配, 如果没有其它匹配,任何请求都会匹配到

3.Location正则案例

1.精确匹配,/后面不能带任何字符：

<span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-java">server <span style="color:#969896">{</span>listen       <span style="color:#c76b29">80</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>server_name  www<span style="color:#969896">.</span>baidu<span style="color:#969896">.</span>com<span style="color:#969896">;</span>#精确匹配<span style="color:#969896">,</span>注解后面不能带任何字符location <span style="color:#df5000">=</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span> <span style="color:#969896">{</span>proxy_pass http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8080</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>index  index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>html index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>htm<span style="color:#969896">;</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span>
<span style="color:#969896">}</span>
</code></span>

2.匹配所有以/开头请求：

<span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-java">server <span style="color:#969896">{</span>listen       <span style="color:#c76b29">80</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>server_name  www<span style="color:#969896">.</span>baidu<span style="color:#969896">.</span>com<span style="color:#969896">;</span>#匹配所有以<span style="color:#df5000">/</span>开头请求 location <span style="color:#df5000">/</span> <span style="color:#969896">{</span>proxy_pass http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8080</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>index  index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>html index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>htm<span style="color:#969896">;</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span>
</code></span>

3.比如以开头/ylw_8080拦截 默认开启不区分大小写：

<span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-java">server <span style="color:#969896">{</span>listen       <span style="color:#c76b29">80</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>server_name  www<span style="color:#969896">.</span>baidu<span style="color:#969896">.</span>com<span style="color:#969896">;</span>###  以开头<span style="color:#df5000">/</span>ylw_8080 最终跳转到http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8080</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>location <span style="color:#df5000">/</span>ylw_8080<span style="color:#df5000">/</span> <span style="color:#969896">{</span>proxy_pass http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8080</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>index  index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>html index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>htm<span style="color:#969896">;</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span>###  以开头<span style="color:#df5000">/</span>ylw_8080 最终跳转到http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8081</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>location <span style="color:#df5000">/</span>ylw_8081<span style="color:#df5000">/</span> <span style="color:#969896">{</span>proxy_pass http<span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#c76b29">127.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.0</span><span style="color:#c76b29">.1</span><span style="color:#df5000">:</span><span style="color:#c76b29">8081</span><span style="color:#df5000">/</span><span style="color:#969896">;</span>index  index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>html index<span style="color:#969896">.</span>htm<span style="color:#969896">;</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span><span style="color:#969896">}</span>
</code></span>